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Improved estimation of rural residential coal emissions considering coal-stove combinations and combustion modes

Authors :
Shuiyuan Cheng
Yuying Zhang
Jianlei Lang
Shengyue Li
Ying Zhou
Yufang Jiao
Teng Zi
Dongsheng Chen
Dawei Huang
Source :
Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987). 272
Publication Year :
2019

Abstract

Rural residential coal combustion (RRCC) has detrimental effects on air quality, climate, and human health. There are large uncertainties regarding emissions from RRCC owing to the lack of consideration of several key factors (e.g. combination modes of coal and stoves, combustion modes, and high temporal resolution). In this study, we provided a new estimation framework for RRCC emissions through a case study in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (BTH) region, China. The emission estimations were improved according to four aspects, namely (1) coal-specific and stove-specific coal consumption was calculated based on face-to-face field interviews of 6700 valid volunteers/households covering 288 villages in 50 counties; (2) the influences of combustion modes (flaming and smoldering modes) on emissions were considered; (3) emissions of different fuel-stove combinations were estimated based on coal, stove, and combustion mode-specific RRCC consumption and localised emission factors; and (4) a method for emission estimation with high temporal resolution (1 h) was developed. The results indicated that RRCC emitted 413.6 kt SO2, 55.7 kt NOx, 5717.3 kt CO, 149.4 kt VOCs, 167.1 kt PM2.5, 18.2 kt EC, 32.5 kt OC, and 8.2 kt NH3 in 2016. The combination of bituminous coal and an advanced coal stove was the most significant contributor (20.7–71.8%) to various pollutant emissions. Coal combusted under the flaming mode contributed to most (81.9%) of the total coal consumption, and thus emitted the majority (50.8–99.8%) of pollutants, except for VOCs. Meanwhile, that under the smoldering mode only accounted for 18.1% of the total consumption, but contributed 49.2% and 74.7% of the CO and VOCs emissions, respectively. Two clear emission peaks occurred at approximately 7:00–9:00 and 18:00–20:00. The detailed coal consumption and emissions with high temporal and spatial resolution can provide sound data for further research on rural environmental issues and scientific support to pollution control strategies.

Details

ISSN :
18736424
Volume :
272
Database :
OpenAIRE
Journal :
Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)
Accession number :
edsair.doi.dedup.....b020828cb91b34eb4087deb8087ad752