Problems and prospects of import substitution in Russia: methodological approaches

At present, the role of Russia in the world economy is mainly associated with the supply of various raw materials to world markets, the share of which in the volume of Russian exports is more than 80%. At the same time, there is a rather significant processing sector of the economy in Russia. Since inertial development is aimed at simplifying the nature of the Russian economy and consolidating its raw material orientation, the development of manufacturing industries, at least at first, should be associated with protectionist measures and an active role of the state. The paper examines the existing approaches to the study of the problem of combining the principle of free trade and protectionist measures proposed by Russian and foreign authors and describes the methodological aspects of assessing the current state and prospects of implementing the import substitution policy in Russia.