Pedobacter aquae sp. nov., a multi-drug resistant bacterium isolated from fresh water

A novel bacterial strain designated CJ43T was isolated from fresh water located in Jeongseon-gun, Gangwon-do, South Korea, displaying multi-drug resistance. The isolate was observed to be Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, orange-pigmented, and rod-shaped. Strain CJ43T grew optimally at 30 ℃ and pH 7 on R2A agar in the absence of NaCl. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain CJ43T belongs to the genus Pedobacter in the family Sphingobacteriaceae and was the most closely related to Pedobacter glucosidilyticus 1-2T (98.1% sequence similarity). The whole-genome sequencing of strain CJ43T was performed using the PacBio RS II platform, revealing a genome size of 3.9 Mb in a single contig with DNA G+C content of 34.9%. The genome included 3144 predicted protein-coding genes, as well as 55 tRNA, 9 rRNA and 3 ncRNA genes. The genome also contained 92 putative antibiotic resistance genes, reflecting its phenotypes. The average nucleotide identity and in silico digital DNA-DNA hybridization values between strain CJ43T and P. glucosidilyticus 1-2T were 88.7%, and 38.6%, respectively. The major fatty acids of strain CJ43T were iso-C15:0, iso-C17:0 3-OH, and summed feature 3 (C16:1 ω6c and/or C16:1 ω7c). Strain CJ43T contained phosphatidylethanolamine as a major polar lipid and menaquinone-7 as a sole respiratory quinone. Based on the polyphasic taxonomy data, strain CJ43T represents a novel species of the genus Pedobacter, for which the name Pedobacter aquae sp. nov. is proposed with the type strain CJ43T (= KACC 21350T = JCM 33709T).