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Assessment of vascular function in low socioeconomic status preschool children: a pilot study
- Publication Year :
- 2016
-
Abstract
- Elevated brachial blood pressure (BP) in childhood tracks into adulthood. Central BP and measures of arterial stiffness, such as aortic augmentation index (AIx) and pulse wave velocity (PWV), have been associated with future cardiovascular disease. This pilot study assessed the feasibility of noninvasively measuring these parameters in preschool children and explored factors that may be associated with elevated BP in this age group. Brachial BP was measured using an electronic oscillometric unit (Dinamap PRO 100) and defined as elevated when systolic BP (SBP) and/or diastolic BP (DBP) was ≥ the 90th percentile for age, gender, and height. Central BP, AIx, and PWV were measured using applanation tonometry (SphygmoCor). C-reactive protein (CRP) was measured in serum samples. Sixteen African-American preschool children were recruited (4.4 ± 0.8 years, 69% males), 6 (38%) of whom had an elevated brachial BP (110 ± 10/69 ± 4 vs. 96 ± 8/55 ± 6 mm Hg, Cohen's d = 2.2). Children with elevated brachial BP had higher central SBP (d = 1.6) and DBP (d = 1.96) (97 ± 6/68 ± 4 vs. 85 ± 8/57 ± 6 mm Hg), AIx (d = 0.88) (31 ± 8 vs. 18 ± 16%, standardized to heart rate), and CRP (3.1 [2.3–6.3] vs. 0.1 [0.1–0.3] mg/dL, d = 2). There was no significant difference in PWV between groups (d = 0.26). CRP and SBP (Spearman r = 0.70), DBP (r = 0.68), central SBP (r = 0.58), and central DBP (r = 0.71) were positively correlated. Wide confidence intervals for the estimated effect sizes indicated a large degree of uncertainty about all estimates due to the small sample size. Noninvasive assessment of central BP and arterial stiffness is feasible in preschool children. Vascular inflammation may be an important factor that influences BP at an early age. Further studies in preschool children are needed to elucidate mechanisms of early onset hypertension.
- Subjects :
- Male
Vasculitis
medicine.medical_specialty
Percentile
Pediatrics
Diastole
Blood Pressure
Pilot Projects
030204 cardiovascular system & hematology
Pulse Wave Analysis
Article
03 medical and health sciences
0302 clinical medicine
Vascular Stiffness
Heart Rate
Risk Factors
Internal medicine
Oscillometry
Heart rate
Internal Medicine
medicine
Humans
030212 general & internal medicine
cardiovascular diseases
Pulse wave velocity
business.industry
Blood Pressure Determination
Aortic Augmentation Index
medicine.disease
Confidence interval
Black or African American
Blood pressure
C-Reactive Protein
Social Class
Child, Preschool
Hypertension
Cardiology
Arterial stiffness
Feasibility Studies
Female
Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
business
Blood Flow Velocity
circulatory and respiratory physiology
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....b2810edad735b5e271576c8792a0f4ab