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Synergy Between Low Dose Metronomic Chemotherapy and the pH-Centered Approach Against Cancer
- Source :
- International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 20, Iss 21, p 5438 (2019), International Journal of Molecular Sciences
- Publication Year :
- 2019
- Publisher :
- MDPI AG, 2019.
-
Abstract
- Low dose metronomic chemotherapy (MC) is becoming a mainstream treatment for cancer in veterinary medicine. Its mechanism of action is anti-angiogenesis by lowering vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and increasing trombospondin-1 (TSP1). It has also been adopted as a compassionate treatment in very advanced human cancer. However, one of the main limitations of this therapy is its short-term effectiveness: 6 to 12 months, after which resistance develops. pH-centered cancer treatment (pHT) has been proposed as a complementary therapy in cancer, but it has not been adopted or tested as a mainstream protocol, in spite of existing evidence of its advantages and benefits. Many of the factors directly or indirectly involved in MC and anti-angiogenic treatment resistance are appropriately antagonized by pHT. This led to the testing of an association between these two treatments. Preliminary evidence indicates that the association of MC and pHT has the ability to reduce anti-angiogenic treatment limitations and develop synergistic anti-cancer effects. This review will describe each of these treatments and will analyze the fundamentals of their synergy.
- Subjects :
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A
Oncology
medicine.medical_specialty
Angiogenesis
medicine.medical_treatment
cancer metabolism
Angiogenesis Inhibitors
Review
Catalysis
Metastasis
Inorganic Chemistry
lcsh:Chemistry
chemistry.chemical_compound
angiogenesis
Neoplasms
Internal medicine
Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols
medicine
Humans
metastasis
cancer reversed ph gradient
Physical and Theoretical Chemistry
Treatment resistance
cancer proton transporters
Molecular Biology
lcsh:QH301-705.5
Spectroscopy
Chemotherapy
Neovascularization, Pathologic
Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors
business.industry
Organic Chemistry
Cancer
Drug Synergism
General Medicine
Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
medicine.disease
Computer Science Applications
Vascular endothelial growth factor
Low dose metronomic
chemistry
lcsh:Biology (General)
lcsh:QD1-999
Administration, Metronomic
Compassionate Treatment
business
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 14220067
- Volume :
- 20
- Issue :
- 21
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- International Journal of Molecular Sciences
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....b3028f24bbd3344bf373d7f2569dd0d7