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Within- and Between-Body-Site Agreement of Skin Autofluorescence Measurements in People With and Without Diabetes-Related Foot Disease
- Source :
- J Diabetes Sci Technol
- Publication Year :
- 2019
- Publisher :
- SAGE Publications, 2019.
-
Abstract
- Background: Skin autofluorescence has been used to assess longer term glycemic control and risk of complications. There is however no agreed site at which autofluorescence should be measured. This study evaluated the within- and between-site agreement in measurement of skin autofluorescence using a noninvasive advanced glycation end product (AGE) reader. Methods: Overall, 132 participants were included: 16 with diabetes-related foot ulcers (DFU), 63 with diabetes but without foot ulcers (DMC), 53 without diabetes or foot ulcers (HC). Skin autofluorescence was measured using the AGE Reader (DiagnOptics technologies BV, the Netherlands). Three consecutive skin autofluorescence measurements were each performed at six different body sites: the volar surfaces of both forearms (arms), dorsal surfaces of both calves (legs), and plantar surfaces of both feet (feet). Within- and between-site agreements were analyzed with concordance correlation coefficients (CCC) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI), absolute mean differences (±standard deviation), and Bland-Altman limits of agreement. Results: The agreement between repeat assessments at the same site was almost perfect (CCC [95% CI] ranging from 0.94 [0.91-0.96] for assessments in the right foot to 0.99 [0.99-0.99] for assessments in the left arm). The limits of agreement were narrow within ±0.5 arbitrary units for all sites. The between-site agreement in measurements was poor (CCC < 0.65) with large maximum absolute mean differences (±SD) in arbitrary units (DFU = 3.40 [±2.04]; DMC = 3.15 [±2.45]; HC = 2.72 [±1.83]) and wide limits of agreement. Conclusions: Skin autofluorescence measurements can be repeated at the same site with adequate repeatability but measurements at different sites in the same patient have marked differences. The reason for this variation across sites and whether this has any role in diabetes-related complications needs further investigation.
- Subjects :
- Glycation End Products, Advanced
Male
Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
Arbitrary unit
Concordance
Biomedical Engineering
Bioengineering
Special Section: Technology for Diabetic Foot Disease
skin autofluorescence
Diabetes mellitus
Internal Medicine
medicine
Humans
Skin
measurement variability
business.industry
advanced glycation end products
Optical Imaging
Reproducibility of Results
Repeatability
Middle Aged
medicine.disease
Diabetic foot
tissue glycation
Diabetic Foot
Confidence interval
Autofluorescence
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
Case-Control Studies
diabetes mellitus
Female
Nuclear medicine
business
diabetic foot
Foot (unit)
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 19322968
- Volume :
- 13
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....b3350c0cc7825136fd925aafc5950198