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Diagnostic testing for feline panleukopenia in a shelter setting: a prospective, observational study
- Source :
- Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery
- Publication Year :
- 2021
- Publisher :
- SAGE Publications, 2021.
-
Abstract
- Objectives The aim of this study was to optimize the diagnosis of feline panleukopenia virus (FPV) infection in a shelter setting by: (1) comparing the results of the canine parvovirus IDEXX SNAP Parvo (SNAP) point-of-care ELISA with a commercial FPV quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) test; (2) assessing whether vomit and anal/rectal swabs could be used for early diagnosis; and (3) clarifying the interpretation of weak-positive SNAP test results. Methods The study included shelter cats and kittens with incomplete or unknown vaccination history that had clinical signs suspicious for feline panleukopenia and fecal SNAP and PCR tests performed within 24 h of onset. Feces, anal/rectal swabs and vomit were tested using SNAP and PCR, with fecal PCR utilized as the reference standard. Results One hundred and forty-five cats were included. Seventeen were diagnosed with FPV infection and 62 were negative; 66 could not be individually designated because they were co-housed. Sensitivity was as follows: fecal SNAP 55% (n = 102; 95% confidence interval [CI] 32–77); swab SNAP 30% (n = 55; 95% CI 7–65); swab PCR 77% (n = 55; 95% CI 46–95); and vomit PCR 100% (n = 17; 95% CI 16–100). Specificity was high (96–100%) for all sample and test types. For PCR-positive fecal samples, true-positive SNAP tests (including weak positives) had significantly higher DNA viral copy numbers than false-negative SNAP tests ( P = 0.0031). Conclusions and relevance The SNAP ELISA should be viewed as an initial diagnostic test to rule in feline panleukopenia. Positive fecal SNAP test results, including weak positives, are highly likely to be true positives in clinically affected animals. Negative results in clinically affected animals are unreliable and should be followed up with PCR testing.
- Subjects :
- Feline Panleukopenia
040301 veterinary sciences
polymerase chain reaction
Feline panleukopenia
Cat Diseases
Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
Virus
law.invention
0403 veterinary science
03 medical and health sciences
law
diagnostics
Animals
Medicine
Prospective Studies
Small Animals
Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures
Polymerase chain reaction
0303 health sciences
biology
Diagnostic Tests, Routine
030306 microbiology
business.industry
Parvovirus
parvovirus
Canine parvovirus
Diagnostic test
Original Articles
04 agricultural and veterinary sciences
biology.organism_classification
Panleukopenia
Virology
Real-time polymerase chain reaction
feces
point-of-care
vomit
Cats
Female
Observational study
Feline Panleukopenia Virus
real-time PCR
business
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 15322750 and 1098612X
- Volume :
- 23
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....b3781bbcb1bfe98283177f9a5f1b51e0