Meprin A metalloproteases enhance renal damage and bladder inflammation after LPS challenge

Meprin metalloproteases, composed of alpha and/or beta subunits, consist of membrane-bound and secreted forms that are abundantly expressed in proximal tubules of the kidney as well as secreted into the urinary tract. Previous studies indicated that meprin metalloproteases play a role in pathological conditions such as ischemic acute renal failure and urinary tract infection. The aim of this work was to examine the role of meprins in endotoxemic acute renal failure using meprin alpha knockout (alphaKO), meprin beta knockout (betaKO), and wild-type (WT) mice. Differences among the responses of the genotypes were observed as early as 1 h after challenge with 2.5 mg/kg ip Escherichia coli LPS, establishing roles for meprins in the endotoxemic response. Meprin alphaKO mice displayed lower blood urea nitrogen levels and decreased nitric oxide levels, indicative of a decreased systemic response to LPS compared with WT and meprin betaKO mice. Serum cytokine profiles showed lower levels of IL-1beta and TNF-alpha in the meprin alphaKO mice within 3 h after LPS challenge and confirmed a role for meprins in the early phases of the host response. Meprin alphaKO mice were also hyporesponsive to LPS administered to the bladder, exhibiting significantly less bladder edema, leukocyte infiltration, and bladder permeability than WT mice. These data indicate that meprin A contributes to the renal and urogenital pathogenesis of endotoxicity.