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Connectome-based Models Predict Separable Components of Attention in Novel Individuals
- Source :
- Journal of cognitive neuroscience. 30(2)
- Publication Year :
- 2017
-
Abstract
- Although we typically talk about attention as a single process, it comprises multiple independent components. But what are these components, and how are they represented in the functional organization of the brain? To investigate whether long-studied components of attention are reflected in the brain's intrinsic functional organization, here we apply connectome-based predictive modeling (CPM) to predict the components of Posner and Petersen's influential model of attention: alerting (preparing and maintaining alertness and vigilance), orienting (directing attention to a stimulus), and executive control (detecting and resolving cognitive conflict) [Posner, M. I., & Petersen, S. E. The attention system of the human brain. Annual Review of Neuroscience, 13, 25–42, 1990]. Participants performed the Attention Network Task (ANT), which measures these three factors, and rested during fMRI scanning. CPMs tested with leave-one-subject-out cross-validation successfully predicted novel individual's overall ANT accuracy, RT variability, and executive control scores from functional connectivity observed during ANT performance. CPMs also generalized to predict participants' alerting scores from their resting-state functional connectivity alone, demonstrating that connectivity patterns observed in the absence of an explicit task contain a signature of the ability to prepare for an upcoming stimulus. Suggesting that significant variance in ANT performance is also explained by an overall sustained attention factor, the sustained attention CPM, a model defined in prior work to predict sustained attentional abilities, predicted accuracy, RT variability, and executive control from task-based data and predicted RT variability from resting-state data. Our results suggest that, whereas executive control may be closely related to sustained attention, the infrastructure that supports alerting is distinct and can be measured at rest. In the future, CPM may be applied to elucidate additional independent components of attention and relationships between the functional brain networks that predict them.
- Subjects :
- Adult
Male
Adolescent
Cognitive Neuroscience
media_common.quotation_subject
Rest
Models, Neurological
Stimulus (physiology)
050105 experimental psychology
Conflict, Psychological
03 medical and health sciences
Functional brain
Executive Function
Young Adult
0302 clinical medicine
Orientation
medicine
Connectome
Humans
0501 psychology and cognitive sciences
Attention
media_common
Functional connectivity
05 social sciences
Brain
Cognition
Human brain
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Alertness
medicine.anatomical_structure
Female
Psychology
Neuroscience
030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Vigilance (psychology)
Cognitive psychology
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 15308898
- Volume :
- 30
- Issue :
- 2
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Journal of cognitive neuroscience
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....b572437baaa00f53fb085dfeba69f936