Back to Search
Start Over
Behavioral adjustment to asymmetric reward availability among children with and without ADHD: effects of past and current reinforcement contingencies
Behavioral adjustment to asymmetric reward availability among children with and without ADHD: effects of past and current reinforcement contingencies
- Source :
- ADHD Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders. 11:149-158
- Publication Year :
- 2018
- Publisher :
- Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2018.
-
Abstract
- Altered reinforcement sensitivity is hypothesized to underlie symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Here we evaluate the behavioral sensitivity of Brazilian children with and without ADHD to a change in reward availability. Forty typically developing children and 32 diagnosed with DSM-IV ADHD completed a signal-detection task in which correct discriminations between two stimuli were associated with different frequencies of reinforcement. The response alternative associated with the higher rate of reinforcement switched, without warning, after 30 rewards were delivered. The task continued until another 30 rewards were delivered. Both groups of children developed a response bias toward the initially more frequently reinforced alternative. This effect was larger in the control group. The response allocation of the two groups changed following the shift in reward availability. Over time the ADHD group developed a significant response bias toward the now more frequently reinforced alternative. In contrast, the bias of the control group stayed near zero after an initial decline following the contingency change. The overall shift in bias was similar for the two groups. The behavior of both groups of children was sensitive to the asymmetric reward distribution and to the change in reward availability. Subtle group differences in response patterns emerged, possibly reflecting differences in the time frame of reward effects and sensitivity to reward exposure.
- Subjects :
- Male
Reinforcement Schedule
Adolescent
Task (project management)
Developmental psychology
03 medical and health sciences
Discrimination, Psychological
0302 clinical medicine
Time frame
Reward
Group differences
medicine
Humans
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
0501 psychology and cognitive sciences
Child
Reinforcement
05 social sciences
General Medicine
Response bias
medicine.disease
Psychiatry and Mental health
Clinical Psychology
Rate of reinforcement
Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity
Case-Control Studies
Conditioning, Operant
Significant response
Female
Psychology
psychological phenomena and processes
030217 neurology & neurosurgery
050104 developmental & child psychology
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 18666647 and 18666116
- Volume :
- 11
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- ADHD Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....b702069de26b6cd65134c6076a65db18
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s12402-018-0265-x