Back to Search Start Over

Influenza Viruses and Vaccines: The Role of Vaccine Effectiveness Studies for Evaluation of the Benefits of Influenza Vaccines

Authors :
Claudia Maria Trombetta
Otfried Kistner
Emanuele Montomoli
Simonetta Viviani
Serena Marchi
Source :
Vaccines. 10:714
Publication Year :
2022
Publisher :
MDPI AG, 2022.

Abstract

Influenza is a vaccine preventable disease and vaccination remains the most effective method of controlling the morbidity and mortality of seasonal influenza, especially with respect to risk groups. To date, three types of influenza vaccines have been licensed: inactivated, live-attenuated, and recombinant haemagglutinin vaccines. Effectiveness studies allow an assessment of the positive effects of influenza vaccines in the field. The effectiveness of current influenza is suboptimal, being estimated as 40% to 60% when the vaccines strains are antigenically well-matched with the circulating viruses. This review focuses on influenza viruses and vaccines and the role of vaccine effectiveness studies for evaluating the benefits of influenza vaccines. Overall, influenza vaccines are effective against morbidity and mortality in all age and risk groups, especially in young children and older adults. However, the effectiveness is dependent on several factors such as the age of vaccinees, the match between the strain included in the vaccine composition and the circulating virus, egg-adaptations occurring during the production process, and the subject’s history of previous vaccination.

Details

ISSN :
2076393X
Volume :
10
Database :
OpenAIRE
Journal :
Vaccines
Accession number :
edsair.doi.dedup.....b95baf0d6af85a4fb8bada39bed84b4e
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10050714