Weight reduction ameliorates inflammatory cytokines, adipocytokines and endothelial dysfunction biomarkers among Saudi patients with type 2 diabetes

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) considered as one of the cardiovascular disorders (CVD) principle risk fac- tor as diabetes is associated with abnormal levels of endothelial function, inflammatory and adipocytokines. Objective: The aim of this study was to measure the impact of weight reducing on inflammatory cytokines, adipocytokines and endothelial function biomarkers among obese T2DM patients. Methods: One–hundred T2DM patients enrolled in the present study; the age range was 35-55 year. Participants shared in this study were enrolled in group (A) received diet control and aerobic exercise on treadmill, while, group (B) had no inter- vention for 3 months. Results: The mean values of body mass index (BMI), tumor necrosis factor –alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), leptin, inter-cellular adhesion molecule (ICAM-1) ,vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM-1), E-selectin and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 activity (PAI-1 activity) were significantly decreased and adiponectin was increased significantly in the training group, however the results of the control group were not significant. Also, there were significant differences between both groups at the end of the study. Conclusion: Weight reducing program modulates inflammatory cytokines, adipocytokines and endothelial function bio- markers among obese T2DM patients. Keywords: Diabetes; endothelial dysfunction biomarkers; cytokines; adipocytokines; weight reduction.