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The organ-specific nitric oxide synthase activity in the interaction with sympathetic nerve activity: a hypothesis
- Source :
- Physiol Res
- Publication Year :
- 2021
- Publisher :
- Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 2021.
-
Abstract
- The sympathetic nerve activity (SNA) is augmented in hypertension. SNA is regulated by neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) or endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) activity in hypothalamic paraventricular nuclei (PVN) and/or brainstem rostral ventrolateral medulla. High nNOS or eNOS activity within these brain regions lowers the SNA, whereas low cerebral nNOS and/or eNOS activity causes SNA augmentation. We hypothesize that the decreased cerebral nNOS/eNOS activity, which allows the enhancement of SNA, leads to the augmentation of renal eNOS/nNOS activity. Similarly, when the cerebral nNOS/eNOS activity is increased and SNA is suppressed, the renal eNOS/nNOS activity is suppressed as well. The activation of endothelial α2-adrenoceptors, may be a possible mechanism involved in the proposed regulation. Another possible mechanism might be based on nitric oxide, which acts as a neurotransmitter that tonically activates afferent renal nerves, leading to a decreased nNOS activity in PVN. Furthermore, the importance of the renal nNOS/eNOS activity during renal denervation is discussed. In conclusion, the presented hypothesis describes the dual organ-specific role of eNOS/nNOS activity in blood pressure regulation and suggests possible connection between cerebral NOS and renal NOS via activation or inhibition of SNA, which is an innovative idea in the concept of pathophysiology of hypertension.
- Subjects :
- medicine.medical_specialty
Sympathetic Nervous System
Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III
Physiology
Blood Pressure
Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I
030204 cardiovascular system & hematology
Kidney
Nitric Oxide
Nitric oxide
03 medical and health sciences
chemistry.chemical_compound
0302 clinical medicine
Enos
Internal medicine
medicine
Animals
Humans
Neurotransmitter
reproductive and urinary physiology
Denervation
biology
Brain
General Medicine
Rostral ventrolateral medulla
musculoskeletal system
medicine.disease
biology.organism_classification
body regions
Nitric oxide synthase
Endocrinology
nervous system
chemistry
Pathophysiology of hypertension
Hypertension
cardiovascular system
biology.protein
Minireview
Brainstem
030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 18029973 and 08628408
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Physiological Research
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....c0d7de4a919c7a0c20292810322db242