Localization of transmembrane mucin MUC1 on the apical surface of oral mucosal cells

The purpose of the present study was to demonstrate the localization of transmembrane mucin MUC1 on the outer layer of oral mucosal cells and the involvement of apical cell surface microplicae (MPL) in bioadhesion of MUC1. Tissue samples of six healthy subjects were obtained. First, the presence of MUC1 was examined with an immunohistochemical method using a monoclonal MUC1 antigen called HFMG1. Second, the localization of MUC1 was examined with immuno-scanning electron microscopy. Immunohistochemically, high intense staining for MUC1 (antigen HFMG1) was detected in the epithelial superficial layers. In the superficial layer, intense MUC1 expression was seen predominantly on the apical cell surface. On the apical epithelial cells, MUC1 was associated predominantly with MPL towards the oral cavity. The novelty of the results of the present study is that MPL serves a harbor of MUC1 in superficial epithelial cells towards the oral cavity. It is speculated that the transmembrane MUC1 is one component of the "oral mucosal barrier complex" representing a signaling pathway between saliva and mucosal cells.