Prevalence of polycystic ovarian changes and polycystic ovary syndrome in premenopausal women with treated type 2 diabetes mellitus

Objecti{dotless}ve: To investigate the prevalence of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and polycystic ovary (PCO) among premenopausal women with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). Desi{dotless}gn: Case-control study of women with type 2 DM. Setti{dotless}ng: Tertiary referral university hospital. Pati{dotless}ent(s): Ninety-two premenopausal women with DM, ?30 years of age, and 20 age- and body mass index-matched healthy premenapousal eumenorrheic women were recruited into the study. Interventi{dotless}on(s): An oral glucose tolerance test was performed according to the American Diabetes Association criteria for each healthy woman. After an overnight fasting, blood samples were obtained for the determination of fasting blood glucose, LH, FSH, free T, androstenedione (A4), 17-hydroxyprogesterone (17-OHP), DHEAS, PRL, free T4, TSH, E2, and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) levels. A GnRH analog (buserelin) test was carried out in 36 patients with DM and PCO (including PCOS subjects), 20 patients with DM without PCO or PCOS, and 20 healthy subjects. Mai{dotless}n Outcome Measure(s): The prevalence of PCO and PCOS in women with type 2 DM. Result(s): Fifty-seven (62%) of diabetic patients had normal ovaries, 31 (33.7%) had PCO, and 4 (4.3%) had PCOS. The women with DM (n = 92) and healthy women (n = 20) had similar basal A4, FSH, E2, 17-OHP, free T, and DHEAS levels. The LH and SHBG levels were lower and the hirsutism score higher in diabetic patients than in healthy women (P