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Diet, physical, and biochemical characteristics of children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes: relationship between dietary fat and glucose control
- Source :
- Pediatric diabetes. 13(2)
- Publication Year :
- 2011
-
Abstract
- Maffeis C, Morandi A, Ventura E, Sabbion A, Contreas G, Tomasselli F, Tommasi M, Fasan I, Costantini S, Pinelli L. Diet, physical, and biochemical characteristics of children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes: relationship between dietary fat and glucose control. Background: Nutritional habits may significantly influence glycemic control and cardiovascular risk factors in youth with type 1 diabetes (T1D). Aims: To assess dietary intake, cardiovascular risk factors, and the association between diet composition and glycemic control in Italian youth with T1D. Methods: Subjects included 114 youth aged 6–16 yr with T1D receiving a routine treatment program with nutrition counseling and 448 controls. Cross-sectional measures included dietary intake, anthropometry, blood pressure, lipid profile, and, in children with diabetes, HbA1c. Results: In prepubertal children, BMI, subcutaneous skinfolds, the prevalence of overweight/obesity, and LDL cholesterol (LDL-CH) were significantly lower in patients than in controls, whereas HDL cholesterol (HDL-CH) was higher. Pubertal boys with T1D did not differ significantly from controls in either anthropometry or lipid profile. Pubertal girls with T1D had a higher BMI and higher triceps skinfolds than controls but not significantly different prevalence of overweight/obesity or lipid profile. Compared to controls, participants with T1D had a lower intake of lipids and simple carbohydrates, a higher ratio of unsaturated/saturated fats and fibre, and a dietary intake closer to the National Reference Dietary Intakes (RDIs). The odds of having an HbA1c higher than 7.5, adjusted for BMI, lipid, and fibre intake, increases by 53% for every 1% increase of energy intake from saturated fat in the diet and by 30% for every year of duration of diabetes. Conclusions: Youth with T1D having regular nutritional counseling had a diet closer to RDIs than controls and not different cardiovascular risk factors. High saturated fatty acid intake was associated with poor blood glucose control.
- Subjects :
- Blood Glucose
Male
medicine.medical_specialty
Adolescent
diabetes
children
diet
Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
Saturated fat
Blood Pressure
Overweight
Body Mass Index
Internal medicine
Diabetes mellitus
Internal Medicine
medicine
Prevalence
Humans
Child
Glycemic
Glycated Hemoglobin
Type 1 diabetes
medicine.diagnostic_test
business.industry
Cholesterol, HDL
nutritional and metabolic diseases
Cholesterol, LDL
medicine.disease
Obesity
Dietary Fats
Lipids
Diet
Skinfold Thickness
Endocrinology
Cross-Sectional Studies
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1
Italy
Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health
Saturated fatty acid
Female
medicine.symptom
Lipid profile
business
Energy Intake
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 13995448
- Volume :
- 13
- Issue :
- 2
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Pediatric diabetes
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....c3e420bae26b799411320293e23b1a71