Back to Search Start Over

Investigation for the efficacy of COVID-19 vaccine in Japanese CKD patients treated with hemodialysis

Investigation for the efficacy of COVID-19 vaccine in Japanese CKD patients treated with hemodialysis

Authors :
Ayumi Yoshifuji
Masataro Toda
Munekazu Ryuzaki
Kan Kikuchi
Toru Kawai
Ken Sakai
Emi Oyama
Masayoshi Koinuma
Kazuhiko Katayama
Yuki Uehara
Norio Ohmagari
Yoshihiko Kanno
Hirofumi Kon
Toshio Shinoda
Yaoko Takano
Junko Tanaka
Kazuhiko Hora
Yasushi Nakazawa
Naoki Hasegawa
Norio Hanafusa
Fumihiko Hinoshita
Keita Morikane
Shu Wakino
Hidetomo Nakamoto
Yoshiaki Takemoto
Source :
Renal replacement therapy. 8(1)
Publication Year :
2022

Abstract

Background Dialysis patients are predisposed to severe disease and have a high mortality rate in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) due to their comorbidities and immunocompromised conditions. Therefore, dialysis patients should be prioritized for vaccination. This study aimed to examine how long the effects of the vaccine are maintained and what factors affect antibody titers. Methods Hemodialysis patients (HD group) and age- and sex-matched non-dialysis individuals (Control group), receiving two doses of BNT162b2 vaccine, were recruited through the Japanese Society for Dialysis Therapy (JSDT) Web site in July 2021. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 immunoglobulin (IgG) (SARS-CoV-2 IgG titers) was measured before vaccination, 3 weeks after the first vaccination, 2 weeks after the second vaccination, and 3 months after the second vaccination, and was compared between Control group and HD group. Factors affecting SARS-CoV-2 IgG titers were also examined using multivariable regression analysis and stepwise regression analysis (least AIC). In addition, we compared adverse reactions in Control and HD groups and examined the relationship between adverse reactions and SARS-CoV-2 IgG titers. Results Our study enrolled 123 participants in the Control group (62.6% men, median age 67.0 years) and 206 patients in the HD group (64.1% men, median age 66.4 years). HD group had significantly lower SARS-CoV-2 IgG titers at 3 weeks after the first vaccination (p p = 0.0002), and 3 months after the second vaccination (p = 0.045) than Control group. However, the reduction rate of SARS-CoV-2 IgG titers between 2 weeks and 3 months after the second vaccination was significantly smaller in HD group than in Control (p = 0.048). Stepwise regression analysis revealed that dialysis time was identified as the significant independent factors for SARS-CoV-2 IgG titers at 2 weeks after the second vaccination in HD group (p = 0.002) and longer dialysis time resulted in higher maximum antibody titers. The incidences of fever and nausea after the second vaccination were significantly higher in the HD group (p = 0.039 and p = 0.020). Antibody titers in those with fever were significantly higher than those without fever in both groups (HD: p = 0.0383, Control: p = 0.0096). Conclusion HD patients had significantly lower antibody titers than age- and sex-matched non-dialysis individuals over 3 months after vaccination. Dialysis time was identified as a factor affecting SARS-CoV-2 IgG titers in HD group, with longer dialysis time resulting in higher maximum SARS-CoV-2 IgG titers.

Subjects

Subjects :
Transplantation
Nephrology
Urology

Details

ISSN :
20591381
Volume :
8
Issue :
1
Database :
OpenAIRE
Journal :
Renal replacement therapy
Accession number :
edsair.doi.dedup.....c53108c5031bf384ea6604574b1f8e86