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Neural correlates of the improvement of cognitive performance resulting from enhanced sense of competence: A magnetoencephalography study
- Source :
- PLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 7, p e0255272 (2021), PLoS ONE
- Publication Year :
- 2021
- Publisher :
- Public Library of Science (PLoS), 2021.
-
Abstract
- 研究グループは、意欲を引き出すような情報が与えられることによって認知課題の成績が向上する神経メカニズムを解明しました。これまで、学業成績の向上には達成感などによって引き出される学習意欲が重要であることが指摘されていましたが、意欲を引き出すような情報が与えられることによって認知機能が向上する神経メカニズムは明らかでありませんでした。そこで、本研究ではパソコン上で認知課題を行う合間に、実際の成績とは無関係に認知課題の成績が「平均を上回るほぼ最高レベル」であることを示す画像を提示する条件と、課題成績とは関係のない画像を提示する条件を設定し、両条件下で課題実施中の脳活動を脳磁図法を用いて測定しました。課題成績とは関係しない画像を提示した場合には次第に認知課題の成績(正答率)が低下したのに対し、成績が良好であることを提示した場合には課題成績が保たれました。認知課題中の脳活動について調べると、本研究で用いた認知課題の実行に関係している脳領域において、成績が良好であることを提示することで課題成績が保たれた程度(=そうでない条件と比べて成績が向上した程度)と情報処理の活発さとの間に関連があることが明らかになりました。本研究結果から、達成感・有能感を引き出すような情報が与えられることで、課題に取り組む際に使用する脳部位の働きが促進され、その結果、認知課題の成績が向上する可能性が考えられます。<br />The alterations in neural activity related to the improvement of cognitive performance, which would be leading to better academic performance, remain poorly understood. In the present study, we assessed neural activity related to the improvement of task performance resulting from academic rewards. Twenty healthy male volunteers participated in this study. All participants performed four sessions of a 1-back-Stroop task under both target and control conditions. An image indicating that the task performance of each participant was above average and categorized as being at almost the highest level was presented immediately after each session under the target condition, whereas a control image did not indicate task performance. Neural activity during the 1-back-Stroop task was recorded by magnetoencephalography. The correction rate of the 1-back-Stroop task in the final session relative to that in the first under the target condition was increased compared with the control condition. Correlation analysis revealed that the decreases in alpha band power in right Brodmann's area (BA) 47 and left BA 7 were positively associated with the increased correction rate caused by the target condition. These findings are expected to contribute to a better understanding of the neural mechanisms underlying the improvement of cognitive performance.
- Subjects :
- Male
Social Sciences
Academic Skills
neural mechanisms
Audiology
Session (web analytics)
Diagnostic Radiology
Task (project management)
Cognition
Learning and Memory
0302 clinical medicine
Medicine and Health Sciences
Psychology
Mental Competency
cognitive performance
media_common
Academic Success
Multidisciplinary
medicine.diagnostic_test
Radiology and Imaging
Experimental Design
05 social sciences
Brain
Software Engineering
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Signal Filtering
Research Design
Correlation analysis
Engineering and Technology
Medicine
Sensory Perception
psychological phenomena and processes
Research Article
Computer and Information Sciences
medicine.medical_specialty
Imaging Techniques
Science
media_common.quotation_subject
神経メカニズム
Research and Analysis Methods
behavioral disciplines and activities
050105 experimental psychology
Computer Software
Young Adult
Human Learning
03 medical and health sciences
Reward
Diagnostic Medicine
Perception
medicine
Humans
Learning
0501 psychology and cognitive sciences
Effects of sleep deprivation on cognitive performance
Competence (human resources)
Behavior
Motivation
Neural correlates of consciousness
Cognitive Psychology
Biology and Life Sciences
Magnetoencephalography
Bandpass Filters
Stroop Test
Signal Processing
Cognitive Science
認知課題
030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Neuroscience
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 19326203
- Volume :
- 16
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- PLOS ONE
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....c56d91b616e3f5295641cbb2f81c9b62
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0255272