Isolation Compliance and Associated Factors Among COVID-19 Patients in North-West Iran: A Cross-Sectional Study

Zohre Foroozanfar,1 Maryam Zamanian,2 Rahmatollah Moradzadeh,2 Fatemeh Hajiabadi,1 Jamal Ahmadzadeh,3 Zahra Hosseinkhani4,5 1Children Growth Research Center, Research Institute for Prevention of Non-Communicable Diseases, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran; 2Department of Epidemiology, School of Health, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran; 3Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran; 4Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Prevention of Non-Communicable Diseases, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran. School of Health, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran; 5School of Health, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, IranCorrespondence: Zahra HosseinkhaniMetabolic Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Prevention of Non-Communicable Diseases, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, IranTel +98-9127801064Fax +98- 2833355162Email zhosseinkhani122@gmail.comIntroduction: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has now turned into a public health emergency. Isolation of patients is a possible solution for controlling epidemic infectious diseases. We assessed the compliance of isolation and associated factors among patients with COVID-19.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 320 COVID-19 patients discharged from hospitals of Qazvin province. Patients’ isolation, self-care health behaviors, reference to public health services and possible related factors were assessed. Data were analyzed using multiple logistic regression.Results: In this study, 320 patients were enrolled, including 175 men (54.7%). Two hundred and eighty-six patients (89.4%) had complete isolation. Factors such as phone tracking by health center (OR = 1.30; 95% CI: 1.01 to 1.75) and dry cough (OR = 2.36; 95% CI: 1.09 to 5.09) increased odds of complete isolation in COVID-19 patients, but having a COVID-19 patient in the family (OR = 0.32; 95% CI: 0.15 to 0.71) and symptoms of disease like shortness of breath (OR = 0.39; 95% CI: 0.18 to 0.85) and muscle pain (OR = 0.43; 95% CI: 0.20 to 0.95) decreased odds ratio for these patients.Conclusion: Phone tracking by the health center was the most important factor to increase the odds of patient isolation. Thus, the health system should consider improving health workers’ knowledge and skills through education.Keywords: COVID-19, isolation, self-care, compliance, Iran