Back to Search
Start Over
Comparison of anadromous and landlocked Atlantic salmon genomes reveals signatures of parallel and relaxed selection across the Northern Hemisphere
- Source :
- Evolutionary Applications, Evolutionary Applications, Vol 14, Iss 2, Pp 446-461 (2021)
- Publication Year :
- 2020
- Publisher :
- Wiley, 2020.
-
Abstract
- Most Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) populations follow an anadromous life cycle, spending early life in freshwater, migrating to the sea for feeding, and returning to rivers to spawn. At the end of the last ice age ~10,000 years ago, several populations of Atlantic salmon became landlocked. Comparing their genomes to their anadromous counterparts can help identify genetic variation related to either freshwater residency or anadromy. The objective of this study was to identify consistently divergent loci between anadromous and landlocked Atlantic salmon strains throughout their geographical distribution, with the long‐term aim of identifying traits relevant for salmon aquaculture, including fresh and seawater growth, omega‐3 metabolism, smoltification, and disease resistance. We used a Pool‐seq approach (n = 10–40 individuals per population) to sequence the genomes of twelve anadromous and six landlocked Atlantic salmon populations covering a large part of the Northern Hemisphere and conducted a genomewide association study to identify genomic regions having been under different selection pressure in landlocked and anadromous strains. A total of 28 genomic regions were identified and included cadm1 on Chr 13 and ppargc1a on Chr 18. Seven of the regions additionally displayed consistently reduced heterozygosity in fish obtained from landlocked populations, including the genes gpr132, cdca4, and sertad2 on Chr 15. We also found 16 regions, including igf1 on Chr 17, which consistently display reduced heterozygosity in the anadromous populations compared to the freshwater populations, indicating relaxed selection on traits associated with anadromy in landlocked salmon. In conclusion, we have identified 37 regions which may harbor genetic variation relevant for improving fish welfare and quality in the salmon farming industry and for understanding life‐history traits in fish. publishedVersion
- Subjects :
- 0106 biological sciences
0301 basic medicine
disease resistance
Population
Salmo salar
lcsh:Evolution
Zoology
Single-nucleotide polymorphism
COHO SALMON
Biology
METABOLISM
010603 evolutionary biology
01 natural sciences
SEQUENCE
freshwater resident
ACTIVATION
03 medical and health sciences
smoltification
selective sweeps
HORMONE
Genetic variation
GROWTH-FACTOR-I
Genetics
lcsh:QH359-425
SALAR
GWAS
14. Life underwater
Salmo
education
Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Smoltification
GENE-EXPRESSION
education.field_of_study
Fish migration
seawater adaptation
Original Articles
biology.organism_classification
Spawn (biology)
DEFICIENCY
030104 developmental biology
1181 Ecology, evolutionary biology
SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISMS
Original Article
Landlocked country
pool sequencing
General Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Evolutionary Applications, Evolutionary Applications, Vol 14, Iss 2, Pp 446-461 (2021)
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....cc2c3a3b9eac9e8d635c6caa071a173d