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A Synergic Use of Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 Imagery for Complex Wetland Classification Using Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) Scheme
- Source :
- Water; Volume 13; Issue 24; Pages: 3601, Water, Vol 13, Iss 3601, p 3601 (2021)
- Publication Year :
- 2021
- Publisher :
- Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute, 2021.
-
Abstract
- Due to anthropogenic activities and climate change, many natural ecosystems, especially wetlands, are lost or changing at a rapid pace. For the last decade, there has been increasing attention towards developing new tools and methods for the mapping and classification of wetlands using remote sensing. At the same time, advances in artificial intelligence and machine learning, particularly deep learning models, have provided opportunities to advance wetland classification methods. However, the developed deep and very deep algorithms require a higher number of training samples, which is costly, logistically demanding, and time-consuming. As such, in this study, we propose a Deep Convolutional Neural Network (DCNN) that uses a modified architecture of the well-known DCNN of the AlexNet and a Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) for the generation and classification of Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 data. Applying to an area of approximately 370 sq. km in the Avalon Peninsula, Newfoundland, the proposed model with an average accuracy of 92.30% resulted in F-1 scores of 0.82, 0.85, 0.87, 0.89, and 0.95 for the recognition of swamp, fen, marsh, bog, and shallow water, respectively. Moreover, the proposed DCNN model improved the F-1 score of bog, marsh, fen, and swamp wetland classes by 4%, 8%, 11%, and 26%, respectively, compared to the original CNN network of AlexNet. These results reveal that the proposed model is highly capable of the generation and classification of Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 wetland samples and can be used for large-extent classification problems.
- Subjects :
- Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes
Geography, Planning and Development
Hydraulic engineering
Aquatic Science
Biochemistry
wetland classification
machine learning
CNN
Deep Convolutional Neural Network
Generative Adversarial Network
TC1-978
TD201-500
Water Science and Technology
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 20734441
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Water; Volume 13; Issue 24; Pages: 3601
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....cc71691beb1bdeb9e70a258fd1e0a82a
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.3390/w13243601