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A pragmatic methodology for the evaluation of digital care management in the context of multimorbidity
- Source :
- Journal of medical economics. 24(1)
- Publication Year :
- 2021
-
Abstract
- Multimorbidity is a defining challenge for health systems and requires coordination of care delivery and care management. Care management is a clinical service designed to remotely engage patients between visits and after discharge in order to support self-management of chronic and emergent conditions, encourage increased use of scheduled care and address the use of unscheduled care. Care management can be provided using digital technology - digital care management. A robust methodology to assess digital care management, or any traditional or digital primary care intervention aimed at longitudinal management of multimorbidity, does not exist outside of randomized controlled trials (RCTs). RCTs are not always generalizable and are also not feasible for most healthcare organizations. We describe here a novel and pragmatic methodology for the evaluation of digital care management that is generalizable to any longitudinal intervention for multimorbidity irrespective of its mode of delivery. This methodology implements propensity matching with bootstrapping to address some of the major challenges in evaluation including identification of robust outcome measures, selection of an appropriate control population, small sample sizes with class imbalances, and limitations of RCTs. We apply this methodology to the evaluation of digital care management at a U.S. payor and demonstrate a 9% reduction in ER utilization, a 17% reduction in inpatient admissions, and a 29% increase in the utilization of preventive medicine services. From these utilization outcomes, we drive forward an estimated cost saving that is specific to a single payor's payment structure for the study time period of $641 per-member-per-month at 3 months. We compare these results to those derived from existing observational approaches, 1:1 and 1:n propensity matching, and discuss the circumstances in which our methodology has advantages over existing techniques. Whilst our methodology focuses on cost and utilization and is applied in the U.S. context, it is applicable to other outcomes such as Patient Reported Outcome Measures (PROMS) or clinical biometrics and can be used in other health system contexts where the challenge of multimorbidity is prevalent.
- Subjects :
- Service (systems architecture)
Process management
Primary Health Care
business.industry
030503 health policy & services
Health Policy
Self-Management
Multimorbidity
Context (language use)
Hospitalization
03 medical and health sciences
Intervention (law)
0302 clinical medicine
030220 oncology & carcinogenesis
Medicine
Humans
Patient Reported Outcome Measures
0305 other medical science
business
Healthcare system
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 1941837X
- Volume :
- 24
- Issue :
- 1
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Journal of medical economics
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....ccabd018ec819f00de0eee9c67ee8b06