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Short Communication: Decreased Plasma Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide as a Novel Biomarker for HIV-1 Disease Progression
- Source :
- AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses, AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses, Mary Ann Liebert, 2019, 35 (1), pp.52-55. ⟨10.1089/AID.2018.0210⟩
- Publication Year :
- 2019
- Publisher :
- Mary Ann Liebert Inc, 2019.
-
Abstract
- HIV-1 mucosal transmission in genital epithelia occurs through infection of Langerhans cells and subsequent transinfection of CD4+ T cells. We previously reported that the vasodilator neuropeptide calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), secreted upon activation of sensory peripheral neurons that innervate all mucosal epithelia, significantly inhibits transinfection. To investigate the association between CGRP and HIV-1 during infection, we evaluated circulating CGRP levels in HIV-1-infected patients. Plasma was obtained from combination antiretroviral therapy (cART)-naive or cART-treated patients with primary/acute (PHI) or chronic (CHI) HIV-1 infection, as well as from individuals who naturally control HIV-1 infection, namely exposed seronegatives (ESNs), elite controllers (ECs), and long-term nonprogressors (LTNPs). CGRP plasma levels were measured using an enzyme immunoassay. Compared with healthy HIV-1-negative controls, CGRP plasma levels significantly decreased in PHI patients and even further in CHI patients, but remained unchanged in ESNs, ECs, and LTNPs. Moreover, CGRP plasma levels were restored to baseline upon cART in both PHI and CHI. Finally, CGRP plasma levels directly correlated with CD4+ T cell counts and inversely with viral loads. Altogether, CGRP could serve as a novel diagnostic plasma biomarker for progression of HIV-1 infection. Moreover, administration of CGRP to cART-naive HIV-1-infected patients, to compensate for CGRP decline, could help controlling on-going HIV-1 infection.
- Subjects :
- 0301 basic medicine
Cart
medicine.medical_specialty
Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide
[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]
T cell
Immunology
Neuropeptide
HIV Infections
Vasodilation
Calcitonin gene-related peptide
calcitonin gene-related peptide
Immunoenzyme Techniques
Plasma
03 medical and health sciences
0302 clinical medicine
Virology
Internal medicine
medicine
Humans
030212 general & internal medicine
primary and chronic HIV-1 infection
ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
business.industry
elite controller
long-term nonprogressor
virus diseases
plasma biomarker
Viral Load
CD4 Lymphocyte Count
3. Good health
030104 developmental biology
Infectious Diseases
Endocrinology
medicine.anatomical_structure
nervous system
Calcitonin
exposed seronegative
Disease Progression
combination antiretroviral therapy
Biomarker (medicine)
business
Viral load
Biomarkers
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 19318405 and 08892229
- Volume :
- 35
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....cd06447cecc8c0daff037a656b39e6dc