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Antibiotic Exposure and the Risk of Food Allergy: Evidence in the US Medicaid Pediatric Population
- Source :
- The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. In practice. 7(2)
- Publication Year :
- 2017
-
Abstract
- Background Food allergy is a significant public health concern in the United States, especially in the pediatric population. It places substantial clinical and economic burdens on the health care system. Exposure to antibiotics in early childhood is thought to increase the risk of subsequent food allergy. Objective To examine the impact of exposure to antibiotics early in life on time to development of food allergy. Methods We conducted a population-based matched cohort study using Medicaid data from 28 states. Antibiotic nonusers were matched 1:1 to antibiotic users on date of birth, sex, race, and state. A Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to evaluate the effect of antibiotic exposure on time to development of food allergy. Sensitivity analyses were performed to assess the robustness of study findings. Results We matched 500,647 antibiotic nonusers to 500,647 antibiotic users in the Medicaid pediatric population. In the adjusted Cox proportional hazards regression analysis, antibiotic exposure was significantly associated with faster development of food allergy (hazard ratio, 1.40; 95% CI, 1.34-1.45). The magnitude and significance of the association between antibiotic exposure and food allergy did not change in the sensitivity analyses. A significant association between antibiotic exposure and faster development of food allergy was found in 17 of 28 states. Conclusion Compared with antibiotic nonusers, children with antibiotic prescription had an increased risk of food allergy.
- Subjects :
- Male
medicine.medical_specialty
Neonatal intensive care unit
Time Factors
medicine.drug_class
Population
Antibiotics
Risk Assessment
Cohort Studies
03 medical and health sciences
0302 clinical medicine
Food allergy
Environmental health
Health care
medicine
Immunology and Allergy
Humans
030212 general & internal medicine
education
education.field_of_study
business.industry
Medicaid
Public health
Hazard ratio
Age Factors
Infant, Newborn
Infant
medicine.disease
United States
Anti-Bacterial Agents
030228 respiratory system
Female
business
Food Hypersensitivity
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 22132201
- Volume :
- 7
- Issue :
- 2
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. In practice
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....cd1a1fa749e726bde507df5017c2da3f