Production, composition, and fatty acid profile of milk from anglo-nubian goats fed avocado (Persea americana Mill.) pulp and oil

The aim of this study was to examine the effect of including avocado oil in goat diets, because it was the fastest strategy to change the milk fatty acid profile to benefit the health of consumers is increasing the conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), where evaluated intake and milk yield, composition and fatty acid profile. Six lactating Anglo-Nubian goats were evaluated in two 3 A— 3 balanced Latin squares. The diet containing avocado pulp reduced DM intake, whereas the oil-supplemented diet increased it, compared to control diet, and the same trend was observed for the other nutrients except Ether Extract, whose intake was higher in the goats fed avocado pulp diet compared to control diet. Milk total solids and fat contents were higher in the group fed the diet with avocado oil than in the control group, which in turn did not differ from the group fed avocado pulp. The other milk components and milk yield were not influenced by the diets. Short-chain fatty acid contents in the milk of the goats supplemented with a lipid source decreased in comparison to control group, whereas the CLA level rose by 56.88 and 66.10% in the milk of the goats fed the pulp- and oil-supplemented diets, respectively. Supplementing unsaturated fatty acids via avocado oil or avocado pulp elevates the CLA concentrations and reduces the short-chain fatty acid content in milk, improving its nutraceutical properties and ultimately benefitting the health of consumers.