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Hairless is translocated to the nucleus via a novel bipartite nuclear localization signal and is associated with the nuclear matrix
- Source :
- Journal of Cell Science. 114:367-376
- Publication Year :
- 2001
- Publisher :
- The Company of Biologists, 2001.
-
Abstract
- Hair follicle cycling is an exquisitely regulated and dynamic process consisting of phases of growth, regression and quiescence. The transitions between the phases are governed by a growing number of regulatory proteins, including transcription factors. The hairless (hr) gene encodes a putative transcription factor that is highly expressed in the skin, where it appears to be an essential regulator during the regression of the catagen hair follicle. In hairless mice, as well as humans with congenital atrichia, the absence of hr gene function initiates a premature and abnormal catagen due to a dysregulation of apoptosis and cell adhesion, and defects in the signaling required for hair follicle remodeling. Here, we report structure-function studies of the hairless gene product, in which we identify a novel bipartite nuclear localization signal (NLS) of the form KRA(X13) PKR. Deletion analysis of the mouse hr gene mapped the NLS to amino acid residues 409–427. Indirect immunofluorescence microscopy of cells transiently transfected with hairless-green fluorescent fusion proteins demonstrated that these amino acid residues are necessary and sufficient for nuclear localization. Furthermore, nuclear fractionation analysis revealed that the hr protein is associated with components of the nuclear matrix.
- Subjects :
- Models, Molecular
Recombinant Fusion Proteins
Green Fluorescent Proteins
Biology
Transfection
Protein Structure, Secondary
Mice
Chlorocebus aethiops
medicine
Animals
Humans
NLS
Nuclear Matrix
Transcription factor
Sequence Deletion
Cell Nucleus
Genetics
Mice, Hairless
Microscopy, Confocal
integumentary system
Proteins
3T3 Cells
Cell Biology
Nuclear matrix
Hair follicle
Fusion protein
Hairless
Cell biology
Luminescent Proteins
Protein Transport
medicine.anatomical_structure
COS Cells
Nuclear localization sequence
Signal Transduction
Transcription Factors
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 14779137 and 00219533
- Volume :
- 114
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Journal of Cell Science
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....cda24b9e3afc096fa6bdeaec5a5f0d4e