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VISUAL-CC system uncovers the role of GSK3 as an orchestrator of vascular cell type ratio in plants
- Source :
- Communications Biology, Vol 3, Iss 1, Pp 1-9 (2020), Communications Biology
- Publication Year :
- 2020
-
Abstract
- The phloem transports photosynthetic assimilates and signalling molecules. It mainly consists of sieve elements (SEs), which act as “highways” for transport, and companion cells (CCs), which serve as “gates” to load/unload cargos. Though SEs and CCs function together, it remains unknown what determines the ratio of SE/CC in the phloem. Here we develop a new culture system for CC differentiation in Arabidopsis named VISUAL-CC, which almost mimics the process of the SE–CC complex formation. Comparative expression analysis in VISUAL-CC reveals that SE and CC differentiation tends to show negative correlation, while total phloem differentiation is unchanged. This varying SE/CC ratio is largely dependent on GSK3 kinase activity. Indeed, gsk3 hextuple mutants possess many more SEs and fewer CCs, whereas gsk3 gain-of-function mutants partially increase the CC number. Taken together, GSK3 activity appears to function as a cell-fate switch in the phloem, thereby balancing the SE/CC ratio.<br />Tamaki et al. develop VISUAL-CC to study SE–CC (sieve elements–companion cells) complex formation. They show that the balance in the SE/CC ratio is dependent on GSK3 activity using different genetic backgrounds. Their work provides insights on the role of GSK3 as a cell-fate switch in the phloem.
- Subjects :
- 0106 biological sciences
0301 basic medicine
CC system
Mutant
Arabidopsis
Cell Culture Techniques
Medicine (miscellaneous)
01 natural sciences
Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3
Gene Expression Regulation, Plant
631/136/142
PHLOEM
14/19
ENCODES
lcsh:QH301-705.5
Cells, Cultured
biology
Chemistry
INDUCTION
article
Cell Differentiation
Plants, Genetically Modified
631/449/2653/2654
Cell biology
DIFFERENTIATION
45/100
General Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Signal Transduction
EXPRESSION
Cell type
animal structures
45/61
XYLEM
13/106
macromolecular substances
General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
03 medical and health sciences
REVEALS
LOCUS
Kinase activity
Gene
fungi
Xylem
CYTOCHROME-P450
biology.organism_classification
11831 Plant biology
GENE
Plant stem cell
030104 developmental biology
lcsh:Biology (General)
Mutation
Phloem
010606 plant biology & botany
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Communications Biology, Vol 3, Iss 1, Pp 1-9 (2020), Communications Biology
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....cdd97fb5fbce7351548f615a73d3343d