Class IV semaphorins in disease pathogenesis

This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Nojima, S. Class IV semaphorins in disease pathogenesis. Pathol. Int. 2022; 72: 471– 487, which has been published in final form at https://doi.org/10.1111/pin.13270. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Self-Archiving. This article may not be enhanced, enriched or otherwise transformed into a derivative work, without express permission from Wiley or by statutory rights under applicable legislation. Copyright notices must not be removed, obscured or modified. The article must be linked to Wiley’s version of record on Wiley Online Library and any embedding, framing or otherwise making available the article or pages thereof by third parties from platforms, services and websites other than Wiley Online Library must be prohibited.
Semaphorins are a large family of secreted and/or transmembrane proteins, originally identified as proteins that function in axon guidance during neuronal development. However, semaphorins play crucial roles in other physiological and pathological processes, including immune responses, angiogenesis, maintenance of tissue homeostasis, and cancer progression. Class IV semaphorins may be present as transmembrane and soluble forms and are implicated in the pathogenesis of various diseases. This review discusses recent progress on the roles of class IV semaphorins determined by clinical and experimental pathology studies.