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Avian antibodies (IgY) targeting spike glycoprotein of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) inhibit receptor binding and viral replication
- Source :
- PLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 5, p e0252399 (2021), PLoS ONE
- Publication Year :
- 2021
- Publisher :
- Public Library of Science (PLoS), 2021.
-
Abstract
- Background The global pandemic of Coronavirus infectious disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by SARS-CoV-2, has plunged the world into both social and economic disarray, with vaccines still emerging and a continued paucity of personal protective equipment; the pandemic has also highlighted the potential for rapid emergence of aggressive respiratory pathogens and the need for preparedness. Avian immunoglobulins (IgY) have been previously shown in animal models to protect against new infection and mitigate established infection when applied intranasally. We carried out a proof-of-concept study to address the feasibility of using such antibodies as mucosally-applied prophylaxis against SARS-CoV-2. Methods Hens were immunized with recombinant S1 spike glycoprotein of the virus, and the resulting IgY was evaluated for binding specificity, inhibition of glycoprotein binding to angiotensin converting enzyme-2 (ACE2) protein (the requisite binding site for the virus), and inhibition of viral replication in Vero cell culture. Results Titers of anti-S1 glycoprotein IgY were evident in yolks at 14 days post-immunization, peaking at 21 days, and at peak concentrations of 16.8 mg/ml. IgY showed strong and significant inhibition of S1/ACE2 binding interactions, and significantly inhibited viral replication at a concentration of 16.8 mg/ml. Four weeks’ collection from eggs of two hens produced a total of 1.55 grams of IgY. Conclusions In this proof-of-concept study we showed that avian immunoglobulins (IgY) raised against a key virulence factor of the SARS-CoV-2 virus successfully inhibited the critical initial adhesion of viral spike glycoproteins to human ACE2 protein receptors and inhibited viral replication in vitro, in a short period using only two laying hens. We conclude that production of large amounts of IgY inhibiting viral binding and replication of SARS-CoV-2 is feasible, and that incorporation of this or similar material into an intranasal spray and/or other mucosal protecting products may be effective at reducing infection and spread of COVID-19.
- Subjects :
- RNA viruses
0301 basic medicine
Viral Diseases
Pulmonology
Coronaviruses
Physiology
Eggs
Glycobiology
Virus Replication
medicine.disease_cause
Biochemistry
Medical Conditions
0302 clinical medicine
Reproductive Physiology
Immune Physiology
Enzyme-Linked Immunoassays
Pathology and laboratory medicine
Coronavirus
chemistry.chemical_classification
Immune System Proteins
Multidisciplinary
biology
Medical microbiology
Bird Eggs
Titer
Infectious Diseases
Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus
Viruses
Medicine
Chicken Eggs
Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2
SARS CoV 2
Pathogens
Antibody
Research Article
SARS coronavirus
Science
Immunology
Immunoglobulins
Virus Attachment
Research and Analysis Methods
Microbiology
Antibodies
Virus
Avian Proteins
Respiratory Disorders
03 medical and health sciences
Virology
medicine
Animals
Humans
Immunoassays
Glycoproteins
Medicine and health sciences
Biology and life sciences
Glycoprotein binding
SARS-CoV-2
Organisms
Viral pathogens
COVID-19
Proteins
Covid 19
Viral Replication
Microbial pathogens
030104 developmental biology
chemistry
Viral replication
Respiratory Infections
Immunologic Techniques
biology.protein
Vero cell
Glycoprotein
Chickens
030215 immunology
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 19326203
- Volume :
- 16
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- PLOS ONE
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....d240fd4972bd94f0464037848ff633c2