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Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid and Microvascular Disease in the Brain

Authors :
Catherine DeMarino
Myoung-Hwa Lee
Maria Cowen
Joseph P. Steiner
Sara Inati
Ashish H. Shah
Kareem A. Zaghloul
Avindra Nath
Source :
Neurology. 100:624-628
Publication Year :
2022
Publisher :
Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), 2022.

Abstract

Background and ObjectivesSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection can cause a wide range of neurologic complications; however, its neuropenetrance during the acute phase of the illness is unknown.MethodsExtracellular vesicles were isolated from brain biopsy tissue from a patient undergoing epilepsy surgery using ultracentrifugation and analyzed by Western blot and qPCR for the presence of virus protein and RNA, respectively. Biopsy tissue was assessed by immunohistochemistry for the presence of microvascular damage and compared with 3 other non-COVID surgical epilepsy brain tissues.ResultsWe demonstrate the presence of viral nucleocapsid protein in extracellular vesicles and microvascular disease in the brain of a patient undergoing epilepsy surgery shortly after SARS-CoV-2 infection. Endothelial cell activation was indicated by increased levels of platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 and was associated with fibrinogen leakage and immune cell infiltration in the biopsy tissue as compared with control non-COVID surgical epilepsy brain tissues.DiscussionDespite the lack of evidence of viral replication within the brain, the presence of the nucleocapsid protein was associated with disease-specific endothelial cell activation, fibrinogen leakage, and immune cell infiltration.

Subjects

Subjects :
Neurology (clinical)

Details

ISSN :
1526632X and 00283878
Volume :
100
Database :
OpenAIRE
Journal :
Neurology
Accession number :
edsair.doi.dedup.....d24b090fa41f0742ddf62ad02f20790f
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.1212/wnl.0000000000201682