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Thalamocortical Functional Connectivity and Behavioral Disruptions in Neonates with Prenatal Cocaine Exposure
- Publication Year :
- 2016
-
Abstract
- Prenatal cocaine exposure (PCE) affects neurobehavioral development, however, disentangling direct drug-related mechanisms from contextual effects (e.g., socioeconomic status) has proven challenging in humans. The effects of environmental confounds are minimal immediately after birth thus we aimed to delineate neurobehavioral correlates of PCE in a large cohort of neonates (2–6 weeks of age, N = 152) with and without drug exposure using resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rsfMRI) and developmental assessments at 3 months with the Bayley Scales of Infant & Toddler Development, 3rd edition. The cohort included healthy controls and neonates with similar poly-drug exposure ± cocaine. We focused on the thalamus given its critical importance in early brain development and its unique positioning in the dopamine system. Our results revealed PCE-related hyper-connectivity between the thalamus and frontal regions and a drug-common hypo-connective signature between the thalamus and motor-related regions. PCE-specific neonatal thalamo-frontal connectivity was inversely related to cognitive and fine motor scores and thalamo-motor connectivity showed a positive relationship with composite (gross plus fine) motor scores. Finally, cocaine by selective-serotonin-reuptake-inhibitor (SSRI) interactions were detected, suggesting the combined use of these drugs during pregnancy could have additional consequences on fetal development. Overall, our findings provide the first delineation of PCE-related disruptions of thalamocortical functional connectivity, neurobehavioral correlations, and drug-drug interactions during infancy.
- Subjects :
- Thalamus
Gestational Age
Motor Activity
Neuropsychological Tests
Toxicology
Bayley Scales of Infant Development
050105 experimental psychology
Article
03 medical and health sciences
Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience
0302 clinical medicine
Developmental Neuroscience
Cocaine
Pregnancy
Neural Pathways
medicine
Humans
0501 psychology and cognitive sciences
Toddler
Cerebral Cortex
Fetus
Brain Mapping
05 social sciences
Infant
Cognition
Prenatal cocaine exposure
medicine.disease
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects
Cohort
Female
Psychology
Neuroscience
030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....d37a97893f6598507397fa65cda04f2b