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Efficacy of non‐invasive brain stimulation interventions in reducing smoking frequency in patients with nicotine dependence: a systematic review and network meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials

Efficacy of non‐invasive brain stimulation interventions in reducing smoking frequency in patients with nicotine dependence: a systematic review and network meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials

Authors :
Chih-Sung Liang
Tien-Yu Chen
Yen-Wen Chen
Bing-Syuan Zeng
Cheng-Ta Li
Brendon Stubbs
Pao-Yen Lin
Yi-Cheng Wu
Ping-Tao Tseng
Andre F. Carvalho
Chih-Wei Hsu
Kuan-Pin Su
Yu-Kang Tu
Jia-Shyun Jeng
Andre R. Brunoni
Source :
Addiction. 117:1830-1842
Publication Year :
2021
Publisher :
Wiley, 2021.

Abstract

Background and aims- Nicotine is a highly addictive substance in tobacco products that dysregulates several neurotransmitters in the brain and impairs executive function. Non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) methods such as repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) are promising treatments for nicotine dependence. We investigated the efficacy and acceptability of NIBS in managing smoking cessation through a systematic review and network meta-analysis (NMA). Methods- We conducted a systematic review to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that investigated the efficacy of NIBS for smoking cessation. All pairwise meta-analyses and NMA procedures were conducted using random-effects and frequentist models. The co-primary outcomes were (1) the change in number of cigarettes smoked per day (change in frequency of smoking) in patients with nicotine dependence after NIBS and (2) acceptability (the dropout rate). The effect sizes for co-primary outcomes of change in frequency of smoking and acceptability were assessed according to standardized mean difference (SMD) and odds ratio, respectively. Results- Twelve RCTs with 710 participants (mean age: 44.2 years, 31.2% female) were included. Compared with the sham control, 10-Hz rTMS over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) was associated with the largest changes in smoking frequency [SMD = −1.22, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) = −1.77 to −0.66]. The 2-mA bifrontal tDCS (SMD = −0.97, 95% CI = −1.32 to −0.62) and 10-Hz deep rTMS over the bilateral DLPFC with cue provocation (SMD = −0.77, 95% CI = −1.20 to −0.34) were associated with a significantly larger decrease in smoking frequency versus the sham. None of the investigated NIBSs was associated with dropout rates significantly different from those of the sham control groups. Conclusion- Prefrontal non-invasive brain stimulation interventions appear to reduce the number of cigarettes smoked with good acceptability.

Details

ISSN :
13600443 and 09652140
Volume :
117
Database :
OpenAIRE
Journal :
Addiction
Accession number :
edsair.doi.dedup.....d393a1215d4fc3e9bab5a3148cdfdad9
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.1111/add.15624