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Prenatal psychological or metabolic stress increases the risk for psychiatric disorders: the 'funnel effect' model
- Source :
- Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews. 136:104624
- Publication Year :
- 2022
- Publisher :
- Elsevier BV, 2022.
-
Abstract
- Adverse stressful experiences in utero can redirect fetal brain development, ultimately leading to increased risk for psychiatric disorders. Obesity during pregnancy can have similar effects as maternal stress, affecting mental health in the offspring. In order to explain how similar outcomes may originate from different prenatal conditions, we propose a "funnel effect" model whereby maternal psychological or metabolic stress triggers the same evolutionarily conserved response pathways, increasing vulnerability for psychopathology. In this context, the placenta, which is the main mother-fetus interface, appears to facilitate such convergence, re-directing "stress" signals to the fetus. Characterizing converging pathways activated by different adverse environmental conditions is fundamental to assess the emergence of risk signatures of major psychiatric disorders, which might enable preventive measures in risk populations, and open up new diagnostics, and potentially therapeutic approaches for disease prevention and health promotion already during pregnancy.
- Subjects :
- Inflammation
Mental Disorders
Placenta
Cognitive Neuroscience
Fetal Development
Behavioral Neuroscience
Metabolism
Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology
Stress, Physiological
Maternal obesity
Oxidative stress
Pregnancy
Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects
Humans
Major depression
Female
Animal model
Mental health
Clinical studies
Glucocorticoids
Stress, Psychological
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 01497634
- Volume :
- 136
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....d48c5a9087376c4c385529934a34d29d