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Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV)-induced stress granules are associated with viral replication complexes and suppression of host translation
- Source :
- Virus Research. 265:47-56
- Publication Year :
- 2019
- Publisher :
- Elsevier BV, 2019.
-
Abstract
- Stress granules (SGs) are dynamic sites of cytosolic mRNA storage that are formed in response to stress conditions, including viral infection. SGs have been implicated in regulating several aspects of the host immune response to various pathogens. Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), an economically-important global swine pathogen, reportedly induced SGs during replication, although the underlying mechanisms are poorly defined. In this study, we delineated the molecular mechanisms regulating the SG response to PRRSV infection. Using confocal microscopy, we first demonstrated that infection with PRRSV strain VR2385 induces an accumulation of the SG markers G3BP1, G3BP2, TIAR, eIF3b, and USP10 as well as mRNAs into punctate structures in the cytoplasm of infected host cells. Subsequently, we demonstrated that the PRRSV-induced SGs were in close proximity to viral replication complexes (VRCs) and processing bodies (P-bodies), and that SG formation was coordinated with inhibition of host cellular translation. Treatment of infected cells with cycloheximide disrupted the PRRSV-induced SGs. Furthermore, impairment of SG assembly by the shRNA-mediated knockdown of G3BP1, G3BP2 and USP10 did not affect viral replication. Collectively, these results demonstrate that PRRSV infection induces formation of SGs associated with VRCs, which is coordinated with the suppression of host cell protein synthesis. This is the first study to extensively characterize the formation and underlying mechanism of bona fide SGs during PRRSV infection. Our findings have important implications in understanding the mechanism of PRRSV-host interactions.
- Subjects :
- Cancer Research
Swine
viruses
animal diseases
Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome
Cycloheximide
Biology
Cytoplasmic Granules
Virus Replication
03 medical and health sciences
chemistry.chemical_compound
Stress granule
Immune system
stomatognathic system
Stress, Physiological
Virology
Protein biosynthesis
Animals
Humans
Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus
030304 developmental biology
0303 health sciences
Gene knockdown
030306 microbiology
Translation (biology)
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus
biology.organism_classification
Cell biology
RNA Recognition Motif Proteins
Infectious Diseases
chemistry
Viral replication
Host-Pathogen Interactions
Carrier Proteins
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 01681702
- Volume :
- 265
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Virus Research
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....d7a6a620ec180f8d99c6cf03da239402