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CD1d Expression and Invariant NKT Cell Responses in Herpesvirus Infections
- Source :
- Frontiers in Immunology, Frontiers in Immunology, Vol 6 (2015)
- Publication Year :
- 2015
- Publisher :
- Frontiers Media S.A., 2015.
-
Abstract
- Invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells are a highly conserved subset of unconventional T lymphocytes that express a canonical, semi-invariant T cell receptor (TCR) and surface markers shared with the natural killer cell lineage. iNKT cells recognize exogenous and endogenous glycolipid antigens restricted by non-polymorphic CD1d molecules, and are highly responsive to the prototypical agonist, α-galactosylceramide. Upon activation, iNKT cells rapidly coordinate signaling between innate and adaptive immune cells through the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines, leading to the maturation of antigen-presenting cells and expansion of antigen-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. Because of their potent immunoregulatory properties, iNKT cells have been extensively studied and are known to play a pivotal role in mediating immune responses against microbial pathogens including viruses. Here, we review evidence that herpesviruses manipulate CD1d expression to escape iNKT cell surveillance and establish lifelong latency in humans. Collectively, published findings suggest that iNKT cells play critical roles in anti-herpesvirus immune responses and could be harnessed therapeutically to limit viral infection and viral-associated disease.
- Subjects :
- lcsh:Immunologic diseases. Allergy
medicine.medical_treatment
Mini Review
Immunology
KSHV
CD1d
Natural killer cell
Immune system
Antigen
herpesvirus
medicine
Immunology and Allergy
iNKT cells
biology
T-cell receptor
Immunotherapy
HSV-2
Natural killer T cell
HSV-1
hcmv
medicine.anatomical_structure
CD1D
viral immunity
biology.protein
immunotherapy
lcsh:RC581-607
CD8
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 16643224
- Volume :
- 6
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Frontiers in Immunology
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....dc2f831f9935af0a894bfa5250c1ad89