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Emerging Highly Virulent Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus: Molecular Mechanisms of Attenuation and Rational Design of Live Attenuated Vaccines
- Source :
- International Journal of Molecular Sciences, International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 20, Iss 21, p 5478 (2019)
- Publication Year :
- 2019
- Publisher :
- MDPI AG, 2019.
-
Abstract
- The highly virulent porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) emerged in China in 2010. It infects pigs of all ages, and causes severe diarrhea and high mortality rates in newborn pigs, leading to devastating economic losses in the pork industry worldwide. Effective and safe vaccines against highly virulent PEDV strains are still unavailable, hampering the further prevention, control and eradication of the disease in herds. Vaccination of pregnant sows with live attenuated vaccines (LAVs) is the most effective strategy to induce lactogenic immunity in the sows, which provides A passive protection of suckling piglets against PEDV via the colostrum (beestings, or first milk) and milk. Several LAV candidates have been developed via serially passaging the highly virulent PEDV isolates in non-porcine Vero cells. However, their efficacies in the induction of sufficient protection against virulent PEDV challenge vary in vivo. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of the virulence-related mutations of PEDV and their potential roles in PEDV attenuation in vivo. With the successful development of reverse genetics systems for PEDV, we also discuss how to use them to generate promising LAV candidates that are safe, effective and genetically stable. This article provides timely insight into the rational design of effective and safe PEDV LAV candidates.
- Subjects :
- 0301 basic medicine
Swine
030106 microbiology
coronavirus
Virulence
Review
Vaccines, Attenuated
medicine.disease_cause
Catalysis
lcsh:Chemistry
Inorganic Chemistry
03 medical and health sciences
Immunity
medicine
Animals
Physical and Theoretical Chemistry
lcsh:QH301-705.5
Molecular Biology
porcine epidemic diarrhea virus
attenuation
Spectroscopy
Coronavirus
Swine Diseases
live attenuated vaccine
Attenuated vaccine
biology
Organic Chemistry
Alphacoronavirus
Viral Vaccines
General Medicine
biology.organism_classification
Virology
Computer Science Applications
virulence
Vaccination
030104 developmental biology
lcsh:Biology (General)
lcsh:QD1-999
Vero cell
Colostrum
Coronavirus Infections
Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 14220067
- Volume :
- 20
- Issue :
- 21
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- International Journal of Molecular Sciences
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....dd8b3c940d98cdee3d15085c420b6927
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20215478