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A marked seasonality of malaria transmsission in two rural sites in eastern Sudan

Authors :
Amel A. Hamad
Dia Eldin A Elnaiem
Alison M. Creasey
Hamza A. Babiker
David E. Arnot
Thor G. Theander
Abd El Hamid D Nugud
Gwiria M. H. Satti
Haider A. Giha
Abdel Muhsin A Abdel-Muhsin
Source :
Acta Tropica. 83:71-82
Publication Year :
2002
Publisher :
Elsevier BV, 2002.

Abstract

The ecology of Anopheles arabiensis and its relationship to malaria transmission was investigated in two villages in eastern Sudan. Seasonal malaria case incidence was compared with the number of vectors detected and with climatic variables. Following the end of the short rainy season in October the number of A. arabiensis detected dropped gradually until February when neither outdoor human bait trapping nor indoor spray catches revealed any mosquitoes. Vectors re-appeared in June as humidity rose with the onset of rain. Despite the apparent absence of the vector at the height of the long, hot dry season between February and May, sporadic asymptomatic malaria infections were detected in the two villages. The low endemicity of malaria in the area was reflected by the relatively low total September-December parasite and sporozoite rates (15 and 1.4%, respectively) measured in the villages. The entomological inoculation rate (EIR) was estimated to be around two to three infective bites per person per year, although heterogeneity in the transmission indices of malaria between the two villages was observed. The implications of these patterns of anopheline population dynamics for the epidemiology and control of malaria in eastern Sudan are considered.

Details

ISSN :
0001706X
Volume :
83
Database :
OpenAIRE
Journal :
Acta Tropica
Accession number :
edsair.doi.dedup.....de76d72af5ea8db32caa9825455ee380
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.1016/s0001-706x(02)00059-1