Association of parvovirus B19 and myocarditis/dilated cardiomyopathy: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Background The potential association between Parvovirus B19 and heart disease has been controversial. The aim of the present study was to report the prevalence of B19 in myocarditis and dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) as well as measure the statistical association between them. Methods Our systematic search was carried out to retrieve published articles between January 2000 and March 2021 using three major databases: PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, as well as the Google Scholar search engine. The overall prevalence of HAV, pooled odds ratio, and heterogeneity were estimated by comprehensive meta-analysis (V2.2, Biostat) software. Results The overall prevalence results in myocarditis and DCM were 23.7% (95% CI: 18.7%–29.5%) and 34.1% (95% CI: 23.8%–46.1%) respectively; in addition, the overall OR for B19 and myocarditis was 4.317 (95% CI, 1.831–10.180) versus 1.163 (95% CI: 0.706–1.916) for B19 and DCM. Conclusion Our findings have shown a significant association between Parvovirus B19 and myocarditis with a high prevalence. In the case of DCM, no significant association was found while the prevalence of the virus was relatively high.