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Preparations of Tough and Conductive PAMPS/PAA Double Network Hydrogels Containing Cellulose Nanofibers and Polypyrroles
- Source :
- Polymers, Volume 12, Issue 12, Polymers, Vol 12, Iss 2835, p 2835 (2020)
- Publication Year :
- 2020
- Publisher :
- MDPI AG, 2020.
-
Abstract
- To afford an intact double network (sample abbr.: DN) hydrogel, two-step crosslinking reactions of poly(2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid) (i.e., PAMPS first network) and then poly(acrylic acid) (i.e., PAA second network) were conducted both in the presence of crosslinker (N,N&prime<br />methylenebisacrylamide (MBAA)). Similar to the two-step processes, different contents of 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-piperidinyloxy (TEMPO) oxidized cellulose nanofibers (TOCN: 1, 2, and 3 wt.%) were initially dispersed in the first network solutions and then crosslinked. The TOCN-containing PAMPS first networks subsequently soaked in AA and crosslinker and conducted the second network crosslinking reactions (TOCN was then abbreviated as T for DN samples). As the third step, various (T&ndash<br />)DN hydrogels were then treated with different concentrations of FeCl3(aq) solutions (5, 50, 100, and 200 mM). Through incorporations of ferric ions into (T&ndash<br />)DN hydrogels, notably, three purposes are targeted: (i) strengthen the (T&ndash<br />)DN hydrogels through ionic bonding, (ii) significantly render ionic conductivity of hydrogels, and (iii) serve as a catalyst for the forth step to proceed with in situ chemical oxidative polymerizations of pyrroles to afford polypyrrole-containing (sample abbr.: Py) hydrogels [i.e., (T&ndash<br />)Py&ndash<br />DN samples]. The characteristic functional groups of PAMPS, PAA, and Py were confirmed by FT&ndash<br />IR. Uniform microstructures were observed by cryo scanning electron microscopy (cryo-SEM). These results indicated that homogeneous composites of T&ndash<br />Py&ndash<br />DN hydrogels were obtained through the four-step process. All dry samples showed similar thermal degradation behaviors from the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The T2&ndash<br />Py5&ndash<br />DN sample (i.e., containing 2 wt.% TOCN with 5 mM FeCl3(aq) treatment) showed the best tensile strength and strain at breaking properties (i.e., &sigma<br />Tb = 450 kPa and &epsilon<br />Tb = 106%). With the same compositions, a high conductivity of 3.34&times<br />10&minus<br />3 S/cm was acquired. The tough T2&ndash<br />DN hydrogel displayed good conductive reversibility during several &ldquo<br />stretching-and-releasing&rdquo<br />cycles of 50&ndash<br />100&ndash<br />0%, demonstrating a promising candidate for bioelectronic or biomaterial applications.
- Subjects :
- Thermogravimetric analysis
PAMPS
PAA
Polymers and Plastics
Oxidized cellulose
polypyrroles
Biomaterial
General Chemistry
Article
lcsh:QD241-441
TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofibers
chemistry.chemical_compound
lcsh:Organic chemistry
chemistry
Nanofiber
Self-healing hydrogels
Ionic conductivity
double network hydrogels
conductive hydrogels
Cellulose
Nuclear chemistry
Acrylic acid
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 20734360
- Volume :
- 12
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Polymers
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....e0cacb6e8477336d9429ba3d9bc6d009