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Expert-Augmented Computational Drug Repurposing Identified Baricitinib as a Treatment for COVID-19
- Source :
- Frontiers in Pharmacology, Frontiers in Pharmacology, Vol 12 (2021)
- Publication Year :
- 2021
- Publisher :
- Frontiers Media S.A., 2021.
-
Abstract
- The onset of the 2019 Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic necessitated the identification of approved drugs to treat the disease, before the development, approval and widespread administration of suitable vaccines. To identify such a drug, we used a visual analytics workflow where computational tools applied over an AI-enhanced biomedical knowledge graph were combined with human expertise. The workflow comprised rapid augmentation of knowledge graph information from recent literature using machine learning (ML) based extraction, with human-guided iterative queries of the graph. Using this workflow, we identified the rheumatoid arthritis drug baricitinib as both an antiviral and anti-inflammatory therapy. The effectiveness of baricitinib was substantiated by the recent publication of the data from the ACTT-2 randomised Phase 3 trial, followed by emergency approval for use by the FDA, and a report from the CoV-BARRIER trial confirming significant reductions in mortality with baricitinib compared to standard of care. Such methods that iteratively combine computational tools with human expertise hold promise for the identification of treatments for rare and neglected diseases and, beyond drug repurposing, in areas of biological research where relevant data may be lacking or hidden in the mass of available biomedical literature.
- Subjects :
- 0301 basic medicine
Visual analytics
medicine.medical_specialty
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)
Baricitinib
Disease
RM1-950
030226 pharmacology & pharmacy
03 medical and health sciences
0302 clinical medicine
medicine
Pharmacology (medical)
Medical physics
Original Research
Pharmacology
drug repurposing
business.industry
SARS-CoV-2
COVID-19
knowledge discovery and data mining
Drug repositioning
Identification (information)
030104 developmental biology
Workflow
knowledge graph
human computer interaction
Graph (abstract data type)
Therapeutics. Pharmacology
business
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 16639812
- Volume :
- 12
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Frontiers in Pharmacology
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....e13469c53f3105c1f099565fca6e4a44