Aerobic Oxidation Approaches to Indole-3-carboxylates: A Tandem Cross Coupling of Amines-Intramolecular Mannich-Oxidation Sequence

A tandem aerobic oxidation protocol has been developed for the facile synthesis of indole-3-carboxylates. Two readily available starting materials, anilines and benzylamines, were efficiently cross-coupled under the o-naphthoquinone-catalyzed aerobic oxidation conditions to the corresponding 2-arylmethyleneaminophenylacetates that in turn smoothly underwent the Cu(II)-catalyzed intramolecular Mannich reaction. The resulting indoline derivatives were aerobically oxidized to indole-3-carboxylates, providing a ready access to indole derivatives from two simple amine derivatives.