Back to Search
Start Over
Specific sources of health risks caused by size-resolved PM-bound metals in a typical coal-burning city of northern China during the winter haze event
- Source :
- Science of The Total Environment. 734:138651
- Publication Year :
- 2020
- Publisher :
- Elsevier BV, 2020.
-
Abstract
- High particulate matter (PM) pollution frequently occurs in winter over northern China , resulting in threats to human health. To date, there are limited studies to link source apportionments and health risk assessments in the different size-resolved PM samples during high PM events. In this study, size-segregated PM samples were collected in Linfen, a typical coal-burning city, in northern China during a wintertime haze pollution. In addition to water-soluble ions and carbon contents, metallic elements in the different size-segregated PM samples were also determined for health risk assessments by inhalation of PM. During the sampling period, the average concentration of PM10 was 274 ± 57 μg m-3 with a major fraction (73%) of organic material and secondary-related aerosols, and an insignificant portion of trace elements (TEs, ~ 3%). The size distribution showed that As and Se, markers of coal combustion, exhibited a mono-modal distribution with a major peak at 0.4-0.7 μm and the others mostly possessed mono-/bi-modal patterns with a major peak at 3.3-5.8 μm. The cancer risk (CR) resulted from PM10 metals by inhalation was estimated to be 2.91 × 10-5 for children and 7.75 × 10-5 for adults while non-cancer risk (NCR) was 2.10 for children and 0.70 for adults. Chromium (Cr) was the dominant species (~89%) of cancer risk in PM10. Road dust was a major fraction (~65%) to total metals in coarse PM (dp > 3.3 μm) whereas coal combustion was a dominant source (~55%) in submicron (dp < 1.1 μm) PM metals. However, traffic emissions (40%) and coal combustion (36%) were the dominant sources of CR since both emissions contributed major fractions (74%) to Cr, especially in submicron PM which exhibited high deposition efficiency of TEs into respiratory tracts, resulting in high CR in Linfen City.
- Subjects :
- Pollution
China
Environmental Engineering
Haze
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences
media_common.quotation_subject
Coal combustion products
chemistry.chemical_element
010501 environmental sciences
01 natural sciences
Chromium
Risk Factors
Coal burning
Environmental Chemistry
Cities
Particle Size
Waste Management and Disposal
0105 earth and related environmental sciences
media_common
Air Pollutants
Particulates
Coal
Deposition (aerosol physics)
chemistry
Metals
Environmental chemistry
Environmental science
Particulate Matter
Seasons
Carbon
Environmental Monitoring
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 00489697
- Volume :
- 734
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Science of The Total Environment
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....e199afb48f6f189984cb4c746edff504