Complete resection of adult prostatic rhabdomyosarcoma with 3D video and printing model: A case report and literature review

Prostatic rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is a subtype of prostate sarcoma which is rarely reported in adults and usually huge in size. Although there is no consensus on the standard therapy to prostatic RMS, complete resection with negative margin is identified as the best way for maximum survival time. However, to remove a much enlarged prostate completely from a RMS patient is still a very difficult task for a skilled urologist so far. As three-dimension (3D) technology becomes more widely used in medicine, surgeons have the opportunity to challenge previously impossible surgery. In this paper, we reported a 36-year-old male patient with a 9.6*5.3*7.6 cm prostatic RMS. With the aid of 3D reconstructed video and printing model, the giant tumor was entirely removed without surgery complications and adjacent organs injury. The patient was alive and had no recurrence after 18 months from surgery. This case revealed that 3D reconstruction technology could help in the preoperative assessment and gave benefits to both patients and surgeons.