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Source apportionment based on the comparative approach of two receptor models in a large-scale region in China
- Source :
- Environmental science and pollution research international. 28(40)
- Publication Year :
- 2021
-
Abstract
- Soil heavy metal(loid) (HM) source apportionment is the prerequisite to develop suitable mitigation measures and make pollution control and prevention regulations. The selection of appropriate tools (models) for source analysis is crucial, that is especially true for large-scale regions, as the Pearl River Delta (PRD), due to the high spatial variability in soil parent materials, soil topographical feature, and wide range of anthropogenic activities. The objective of this study is to evaluate the potential applications of receptor models (positive matrix factorization [PMF] and Unmix) which have been widely used in air pollution research to quantitatively apportion sources of heavy metal(loid)s in the soils. To assist the interpretation of the derived factors (sources) of the receptor models, enrichment factors and GIS mapping were used to identify the potential relationships between the factor contributions and human activities in the study area. As the models are built on completely different algorithms, a comparative approach was adopted in addition to evaluate the impact of sample size on the model results. Factor profiles generated by different receptor models were quite similar as well as their corresponding factor contributions spatial distribution. Though the stability of their results decreases with a reduced sample size, the results of PMF were less significantly influenced by the sample size than those of Unmix. Due to the difficulty (time consuming and expensive) of soil sample collection in large-scale regions, the PMF model appears to be practically more effective than Unmix. In addition, further investigation is needed for Unmix model to understand the reason for its high sensitivity and determine an appropriate sample size.
- Subjects :
- Pollution
China
Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis
media_common.quotation_subject
Air pollution
Soil science
010501 environmental sciences
medicine.disease_cause
01 natural sciences
Stability (probability)
Soil
Metals, Heavy
medicine
Environmental Chemistry
Humans
Soil Pollutants
0105 earth and related environmental sciences
media_common
General Medicine
Sample size determination
Soil water
Environmental science
Spatial variability
Sample collection
Scale (map)
Environmental Pollution
Environmental Monitoring
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 16147499
- Volume :
- 28
- Issue :
- 40
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Environmental science and pollution research international
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....e211b4ef5cc5758aa31b9650e6f7aa3a