Innovation, productive capacity, training and productivity

espanolEste estudio analiza la relacion entre productividad laboral, innovacion radical, innovacion incremental, tecnologia incorporada en maquinaria y equipos, utilizacion de la capacidad productiva y formacion. Los datos utilizados son de empresas espanolas, manufactureras y de servicios, procedentes de la Business Environment and enterprise Performance Survey (BEEPS). La tecnica empleada para estimar los coeficientes del modelo es la regresion minimo cuadratica ordinaria, ya que la variable dependiente (productividad laboral) es continua. Los resultados indican que la innovacion radical y la formacion influyen positiva y significativamente sobre la productividad laboral. La influencia de la tecnologia incorporada tambien es significativa, pero de signo negativo. Finalmente, senalar que las empresas que mas exportan y las de mayor tamano alcanzan mayores niveles de productividad. Los hallazgos encontrados en este estudio tienen implicaciones para los responsables de la politica economica. Los decisores politicos espanoles deben promover y subsidiar la adquisicion de maquinaria y equipos mas eficientes para las empresas que alcanzan menores niveles de productividad, asi como subsidiar la formacion de trabajadores cualificados en el manejo de estos nuevos equipos. Ademas, tambien deben promover y subsidiar el desarrollo de actividades de elevado contenido en I+D para las empresas que consiguen elevados niveles de productividad, a fin de que incrementen su desempeno en innovacion radical. La promocion y subsidiacion de programas de formacion relacionados con la I+D tambien resulta esencial en este tipo de empresas, maxime en un escenario caracterizado por un cambio tecnologico intenso y que se produce con gran rapidez. EnglishThis study analyzes the relationship between labor productivity, radical innovation, incremental innovation, embodied technology in machinery and equipment, utilization of production capacity and training. The data used are from Spanish companies, manufacturing and services, and have been collected by the Business Environment and Enterprise Performance Survey (BEEPS). The technique used to estimate the coefficients of the model is the ordinary least square regression, since the dependent variable (labor productivity) is continuous. The results indicate that radical innovation and training have a significant positive impact on labor productivity. The influence of embodied technology is also significant, but of negative sign. Finally, note that the companies that export and larger achieve higher levels of productivity. The findings of this study have implications for responsible for economic policy. Spanish policy makers should promote and subsidize the purchase of machinery and equipment more efficient for companies that achieve lower levels of productivity, and subsidize the training of workers in the management of these new equipments. They must also promote and subsidize the development of activities high in R&D for companies that achieve high levels of productivity, to increase their performance in radical innovation. The promotion and subsidization of training programs related to R&D is also essential in this type of companies, especially in a scenario characterized by an intense and rapid technological change