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Extracellular Matrix/Amorphous Magnesium Phosphate Bioink for 3D Bioprinting of Craniomaxillofacial Bone Tissue
- Source :
- ACS Appl Mater Interfaces, ACS applied materials & interfaces, 12(21). American Chemical Society
- Publication Year :
- 2020
-
Abstract
- Bioprinting, a promising field in regenerative medicine, holds great potential to create three-dimensional, defect-specific vascularized bone with tremendous opportunities to address unmet craniomaxillofacial reconstructive challenges. A cytocompatible bioink is a critical prerequisite to successfully regenerating functional bone tissue. Synthetic self-assembling peptides have a nanofibrous structure resembling the native extracellular matrix (ECM), making them an excellent bioink component. Amorphous magnesium phosphates (AMP) have shown greater levels of resorption while maintaining high biocompatibility, osteoinductivity, and low inflammatory response, as compared to their calcium phosphate counterparts. Here, we have established a novel bioink formulation (ECM/AMP) that combines an ECM-based hydrogel containing 2% octapeptide FEFEFKFK and 98% water with AMP particles to realize high cell function with desirable bioprintability. We analyzed the osteogenic differentiation of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) encapsulated in the bioink, as well as in vivo bone regeneration, to define the potential of the formulated bioink as a growth factor-free bone-forming strategy. Cell-laden AMP-modified bioprinted constructs showed improved cell morphology but similar cell viability (~ 90%) compared to their AMP-free counterpart. In functional assays, the cell-laden bioprinted constructs modified with AMP exhibited a high level of mineralization and osteogenic gene expression without the use of growth factors, thus suggesting that the presence of AMP triggered DPSCs' osteogenic differentiation. Cell-free ECM-based bioprinted constructs were implanted in vivo. In comparison with the ECM group, bone volume per total volume (BV/TV) for ECM/1.0AMP was approximately 1.7- and 1.4-fold higher at 4 and 8 weeks, respectively. Further, a significant increase in bone density was observed in ECM/1.0AMP from 4 to 8 weeks. These results demonstrate that the presence of AMP in the bioink significantly increased bone formation, thus showing promise for in situ bioprinting strategies. We foresee significant potential in translating this innovative bioink towards the regeneration of patient-specific bone tissue for regenerative dentistry.
- Subjects :
- Male
Bone Regeneration
Materials science
Biocompatibility
Magnesium Compounds
02 engineering and technology
Bone tissue
Cell morphology
Proof of Concept Study
Regenerative medicine
bone
Article
Phosphates
law.invention
Extracellular matrix
03 medical and health sciences
Osteogenesis
law
Dental pulp stem cells
medicine
Animals
General Materials Science
Bone regeneration
030304 developmental biology
0303 health sciences
3D bioprinting
Tissue Engineering
Stem Cells
Skull
Cell Differentiation
Hydrogels
bioink
021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology
Rats, Inbred F344
Extracellular Matrix
medicine.anatomical_structure
regeneration
Printing, Three-Dimensional
Ink
amorphous magnesium phosphate
0210 nano-technology
bioprinting
Biomedical engineering
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 19448244
- Volume :
- 12
- Issue :
- 21
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- ACS applied materials & interfaces
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....e46ba11bd49639d57eec254e272d1bbf