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Tracking Animal Reservoirs of Pathogenic Leptospira: The Right Test for the Right Claim
- Source :
- Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease, Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease, 2021, 6 (4), pp.205. ⟨10.3390/tropicalmed6040205⟩, Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease; Volume 6; Issue 4; Pages: 205, Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease, MDPI, 2021, 6 (4), pp.205. ⟨10.3390/tropicalmed6040205⟩, Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease, Vol 6, Iss 205, p 205 (2021)
- Publication Year :
- 2021
- Publisher :
- HAL CCSD, 2021.
-
Abstract
- Leptospirosis, caused by a pathogenic Leptospira bacteria, is the most prevalent zoonosis worldwide and in this context has been extensively investigated through a One Health framework. Diagnosis of human leptospirosis includes molecular and serological tools, with serological Microscopic Agglutination Test (MAT) still being considered as a gold standard. Mammals considered as biological reservoirs include species or populations that are able to maintain chronic infection and shed the bacteria via their urine in the environment. Leptospira bacteria are often investigated using the same diagnosis tool, serological MAT. However, MAT testing of putative animal reservoirs can lead to mis-interpretations as it can signal previous infection and not necessarily bring in robust information regarding the capacity of such sero-positive animals to maintain chronic infection. We use previously published data and present new results on introduced and endemic small mammals to show that MAT should not be used for the identification of reservoirs. By contrast, serological data are informative on the level of exposure of animals occupying a specific environment. Finally, we present a sequential methodology to investigate human leptospirosis in a One Health framework that associates molecular detection in humans and animals, together with MAT of human samples using Leptospira isolates obtained from reservoir animals occurring in the same environment.
- Subjects :
- Leptospira
030231 tropical medicine
Zoology
Context (language use)
Biology
Article
Microbiology
Serology
03 medical and health sciences
0302 clinical medicine
[SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases
Direct agglutination test
medicine
[SDV.MP.PAR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Parasitology
One Health
030304 developmental biology
0303 health sciences
animal reservoir
MAT
[SDV.BA.MVSA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Veterinary medicine and animal Health
General Immunology and Microbiology
030306 microbiology
Zoonosis
Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
[SDV.BA.MVSA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Veterinary medicine and animal Health
Gold standard (test)
medicine.disease
biology.organism_classification
Leptospirosis
3. Good health
Chronic infection
Infectious Diseases
[SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie
[SDV.MHEP.MI] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases
Medicine
[SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie
[SDV.MP.PAR] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Parasitology
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 24146366
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease, Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease, 2021, 6 (4), pp.205. ⟨10.3390/tropicalmed6040205⟩, Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease; Volume 6; Issue 4; Pages: 205, Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease, MDPI, 2021, 6 (4), pp.205. ⟨10.3390/tropicalmed6040205⟩, Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease, Vol 6, Iss 205, p 205 (2021)
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....e5649ca5b50f6fd7f1c3dbe7e0ac0163