Current Outcomes in US Children With Cardiomyopathy Listed for Heart Transplantation

Background— Previous studies have reported worse outcomes in children with nondilated cardiomyopathy (CMP) listed for heart transplant compared with children with dilated CMP. We sought to compare wait-list and posttransplant outcomes in these groups in the current era. Methods and Results— We analyzed all children P =0.17, log-rank test). In adjusted analysis, the risk of posttransplant graft loss was higher in nondilated CMP (hazard ratio, 1.8; CI, 1.2–2.7) versus dilated CMP. Conclusions— The increased risk of wait-list mortality in children with nondilated CMP is limited to those on ventilator support at listing. Although the risk of graft loss is modestly higher in children with nondilated forms of CMP, their short-term transplant outcomes are good.