ESS Low Energy Beam Transport Tuning During the First Beam Commissioning Stage

Beam commissioning of the ion source (IS) and low energy beam transport (LEBT) of the European Spallation Source is ongoing on its site as of writing this paper and continues until June 2019. The LEBT consists of two solenoids with integrated dipole correctors to steer, focus, and match the high current divergent beam out of the IS to the following radio frequency quadrupole (RFQ). It is also equipped with a suite of diagnostics devices to provide a full characterization of the beam for achieving a good transport within the LEBT, optimizing the matching to the RFQ, and also providing references to numerical simulations. This paper presents results of beam characterization campaign from the ongoing beam commissioning period, including the matching at the RFQ interface based on emittance sampling for varied strengths of the solenoids and verification of the linear model for the trajectory and beam envelope.
Proceedings of the 10th Int. Particle Accelerator Conf., IPAC2019, Melbourne, Australia