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Mast cells and complement system: Ancient interactions between components of innate immunity
- Source :
- Allergy. 75:2818-2828
- Publication Year :
- 2020
- Publisher :
- Wiley, 2020.
-
Abstract
- The emergence and evolution of the complement system and mast cells (MCs) can be traced back to sea urchins and the ascidian Styela plicata, respectively. Acting as a cascade of enzymatic reactions, complement is activated through the classical (CP), the alternative (AP), and the lectin pathway (LP) based on the recognized molecules. The system's main biological functions include lysis, opsonization, and recruitment of phagocytes. MCs, beyond their classic role as master cells of allergic reactions, play a role in other settings, as well. Thus, MCs are considered as extrahepatic producers of complement proteins. They express various complement receptors, including those for C3a and C5a. C3a and C5a not only activate the C3aR and C5aR expressing MCs but also act as chemoattractants for MCs derived from different anatomic sites, such as from the bone marrow, human umbilical cord blood, or skin in vitro. Cross talk between MCs and complement is facilitated by the production of complement proteins by MCs and their activation by the MC tryptase. The coordinated activity between MCs and the complement system plays a key role, for example, in a number of allergic, cutaneous, and vascular diseases. At a molecular level, MCs and complement system interactions are based on the production of several complement zymogens by MCs and their activation by MC-released proteases. Additionally, at a cellular level, MCs act as potent effector cells of complement activation by expressing receptors for C3a and C5a through which their chemoattraction and activation are mediated by anaphylatoxins in a paracrine and autocrine fashion.
- Subjects :
- Immunology
Complement C5a
Inflammation
Complement receptor
Biology
behavioral disciplines and activities
03 medical and health sciences
0302 clinical medicine
medicine
Humans
Immunology and Allergy
Anaphylatoxin
Mast Cells
Receptor
030304 developmental biology
0303 health sciences
Innate immune system
Complement System Proteins
Immunity, Innate
humanities
Receptors, Complement
Complement system
Cell biology
Antibody opsonization
Lectin pathway
medicine.symptom
030215 immunology
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 13989995 and 01054538
- Volume :
- 75
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Allergy
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....ebd2542215f57c9ea92e49bc478f28c0
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1111/all.14413